Summary
A 45-year-old woman developed a myelopathy 9 years after a spontaneous left caroticocavernous fistula (CCF) was treated by a trapping procedure, with clipping distal to the fistula and ligation of the common carotid artery. Spinal MRI and vertebral angiography revealed recurrence of the CCF and gigantic tortuous veins draining through the brain stem down to the midcervical spinal cord. The abnormal veins and myelopathy disappeared after surgical closure of the CCF.
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Narita, Y., Watanabe, Y., Hoshino, T. et al. Myelopathy due to large veins draining recurrent spontaneous caroticocavernous fistula. Neuroradiology 34, 433–435 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00596510
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00596510