Summary
Direct monitoring of cationic polymerization was accomplished by simultaneous measurement of the average dielectric constant, representing the dipoles, of the conductivity, produced by unpaired ions, and of the temperature, characteristic for reaction rate. The ionogenic equilibria during the living polymerization of isobutylene by 1, 3, 5-tris(2-methoxy-2-propyl)benzen/BCl3 in CH2Cl2 at-25°C were demonstrated. Temperature, resistance and capacitance were measured directly in the reaction mixture by a specially designed instrument.
Both the conductivity and the average dielectric constant change characteristically during the living polymerization, indicating the presence and simultaneous change of unpaired ions and strongly polarized species.
The differences between the AMI, and the aging technique were demonstrated and explained. In the latter case slow initiation was observed due to the methoxy-chlorine exchange caused by a reaction with BCl3.
The applied direct monitoring method helps to understand the role of polarized and ionic species in polymerizations and related processes.
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Balogh, L., Fábián, L., Majoros, I. et al. Direct monitoring of cationic polymerization by temperature, conductivity and permittivity measurements. Polymer Bulletin 23, 75–82 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00983967
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00983967