Skip to main content
Log in

A rapid method for detecting barbiturates in serum using EI-SIM

  • Original Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Legal Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A simple and rapid method for analysis of barbiturates in serum has been developed. In order to extract and clean barbiturates in serum, a separation column packed with Extrelut and Florisil was used, and the eluate was directly analyzed by means of electron impact selected ion monitoring (EI-SIM). Selected ions used were base peak ions of 10 barbituartes, and the internal standard used was allobarbital or secobarbital. The calibration curves were linear over the range 0.5–5 ng. Extraction of replicate serum samples containing 20 μg/1.5 ml and 5 μg/1.5 ml resulted in a recovery of 87.2–105.2% and 81.6–104.6%, respectively, with the exception of phenobarbital, which was 151.9% and 172.1%, respectively. Secobarbital was also analyzed in the serum of 13 patients who had been given secobarbital intravenously. In 3 out of 10 cases, Secobarbital levels greater than 1 μg/ml were detected more than 72 h after administration. This method seems to have possibilities for clinical use.

Zusammenfassung

Eine einfache und schnelle Methode zur Analyse von Barbituraten im Serum wurde entwickelt. Zur Probenaufarbeitung wurde eine Säulenextraktion mit Hilfe von Extrelut und Florisil angesetzt. Das Eluat wurde direkt analysiert mit Hilfe der GC/MS (EI-SIM). Als Ionen wurden die „base peaks” von 10 verschiedenen Barbituraten ausgewählt. Als interner Standard wurde Allobarbital oder Secobarbital verwendet. Innerhalb eines Bereiches von 0,5–5 ng wies die Eichkurve einen linearen Verlauf auf. Bei der Extraktion von gespeikten Serumproben, welche 20 μ1,5 ml und 5 μ1,5 ml enthielten, konnte eine Wiederfindungsrate von 87,2–105,2% und 81,6–104,6% gefunden werden. Phenobarbital stellt mit einer Wiederfindungsrate von 151,9% bzw. 172,1% eine Ausnahme dar. Die Secobarbital-Gehalte von 13 Patienten-Seren nach intravenöser Gabe von Secobarbital wurden analysiert. In 3 von 10 Fällen konnten Secobarbital-Spiegel von mehr als 1 μg/ml bei mehr als 72 Stunden zurückliegender Secobarbital-Gabe nachgewiesen werden. Die Methode scheint eine Möglichkeit zur klinischen Barbiturat-Spiegel-Bestimmung zu bieten.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hiroshima University School of Medicine (1992) Criteria for the determination of brain death. Regulation handbook of Hiroshima University School of Medicine

  2. Suzuki O, Kumazawa T, Seno H, Hattori H (1989) Rapid isolation with Sep-Pak C18 cartridges and wide-bore capillary gas chromatography of some barbiturates. Med Sci Law 29:242–248

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen X-H, Wijsbeek J, Franke J-P, de Zeeuw RA (1992) A single-column procedure on Bond Elut Certify for systematic toxicological analysis of drugs in plasma and urine. J Forensic Sci 37:61–71

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chamberlain J (1985) Analysis of drugs in biological fluids. CRC Press Inc, Florida

    Google Scholar 

  5. Pocci R, Dixit V, Dixit VM (1992) Solid-phase extraction and GC/MS confirmation of barbiturates from human urine. J Anal Toxicol 16: 45–47

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yashiki M, Kojima T, Une I (1982) Determination of dipterex in biological materials by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the analysis of the distribution of dipterex in a case of fatal poisoning (in Japanese with abstract in English). Jpn J Leg Med 36:426–430

    Google Scholar 

  7. Yashiki M, Kojima T, Okamoto I (1987) Toxicological study on intravenous thiopental anesthesia-interrelation between rate of injection and distribution of thiopental. Forensic Sci Int 33: 169–175

    Google Scholar 

  8. Moffat AC (1986) Clarke's isolation and identification of drugs. The Pharmaceutical Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  9. Baselt RC (1987) Analytical procedures for therapeutic drug monitoring and emergency toxicology, 2nd edn. PSG Publishing Company, Littleton

    Google Scholar 

  10. Machata G (1992) Chemical investigation by transplantation. In: Nagata T (ed) Proceedings of 30th Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists, 19–23 October 1992 Fukuoka, Japan, pp 215–218

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kojima, T., Taniguchi, T., Yashiki, M. et al. A rapid method for detecting barbiturates in serum using EI-SIM. Int J Leg Med 107, 21–24 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01247269

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01247269

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation