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Identification in blood stains through DNA typing with C4 and HLA-DR probes

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Summary

A restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using double digestion of DNA preparations with XbaI and BglII restriction enzymes and hybridization with C4 and HLA-DR probes is described. The typing conditions selected reveal extensive individual variation in both C4 and DR gene regions. In our panel of 46 unrelated individuals, 37 different phenotypic patterns were recognized when both probes were used, and preliminary discriminative power values of 0.865 and 0.914 were calculated for C4 and DRβ, respectively. The probability of a chance match using both systems is probably about 1.5 · 10−2.

The potential of this method for individual identification of blood stains was demonstrated on DNA prepared from 6-month-old dried blood stains from seven panel individuals. The seven individuals were all identified when comparing stain DNA patterns with panel control patterns. No RFLP pattern changes were observed following storage of blood stains. Based on these experiments with C4 and DRβ DNA typing under laboratory conditions, it is concluded that DNA typing with such probes may become a powerful tool in future stain identification analyses.

Zusammenfassung

Es wird die Analyse des Polymorphismus der Länge eines Restriktionsfragments (RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism) beschrieben, wobei eine zweifache Spaltung von DNA-Präparaten mit XbaI und BglII Restriktionsenzymen und Hybridisierung mit C4 und HLA-DR angewandt wird. Bei der gewählten Untersuchungstechnik lassen sich zahlreiche individuelle Variationen in den C4 und DR Genregionen nachweisen. In einem Untersuchungsgut von 46 nicht verwandten Personen wurden in beiden Systemen 37 verschiedene Phänotypen-Muster gefunden, wobei die vorläufigen Werte des Diskriminations-Indexes mit 0.865 für C4 und mit 0.914 für DRβ berechnet wurden. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Übereinstimmung bei Anwendung beider Systeme dürfte etwa bei 1.5 × 10−2 liegen. Die Brauchbarkeit dieser Methode zur Identifizierung individueller Blutspuren wurde anhand der DNA demonstriert, die aus 6 Monate alten, getrockneten Blutspuren von sieben Personen des Untersuchungskollektivs gewonnen wurde. Alle Proben konnten durch Vergleich der DNA-Muster mit denen der zuvor erstellten den entsprechenden Personen eindeutig zugeordnet werden. Es zeigten sich im DNA-Muster der Blutspuren keine u. U. lagerungsbedingte Veränderungen. Aus dieser unter Laborbedingungen durchgeführten D4 und DRβ DNA-Untersuchung kann geschlossen werden, daβ die DNA-Hybridisierungstechnik zukünftig als wichtiges Hilfsmittel bei der Spurenanalyse eingesetzt werden kann.

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Olaisen, B., Mevåg, B., Jonassen, R. et al. Identification in blood stains through DNA typing with C4 and HLA-DR probes. Z Rechtsmed 99, 55–64 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00200369

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00200369

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