Abstract
An extract of culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM) was prepared. This was further fractionated by 50% ethanol precipitation and both the resulting product, E-P-LEM, and LEM were studied to evaluate their effect on the activity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The experiments were performed using either a cell-free infection system with MT-4 cells, or a cell-to-cell infection system with MOLT-4 cells, which induces multinucleated giant cells very efficiently. E-P-LEM almost completely blocked both the cytopathic effect of giant cell formation and specific antigen expression due to HIV, whereas LEM before ethanol precipitation blocked the expression of HIV antigen in MT-4 cells only at a high concentration. Pretreatment of the virus with E-P-LEM before infection blocked HIV infection in the target cells. Thus, the inhibitory effect of LEM and E-P-LEM on HIV could be due to a blocking of the initial stages of HIV infection. Moreover, reverse transcriptase activity of avian myeloblastosis virus was inhibited.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amagase H (1987) New trends in peptic ulcer and chronic hepatitis-part II chronic hepatitis. Excerpta Medica 316–321
Barré-Sinoussi F, Chermann JC, Rey F, Nugeyre MT, Chamaret S, Gruest J, Dauguet C, Axler-Blin C, Brun-Vézinet F, Rouzioux C, Rozenbaum W, Montagnier L (1983) Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovitus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 220:868–871
Broder S, Gallo RC (1984) A pathogenic retrovirus (HTLV-III) linked to AIDS. N Engl J Med 311:1292–1297
Brun-Vézinet F, Katlama C, Roulot D, Lenoble L, Alizon M, Madjar JJ, Rey MA, Girard PM, Yeni P, Clavel F, Gadelle S, Harzic M (1987) Lymphadenopathy-associated virus type 2 in AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Lancet 1:128–132
Chihara G, Hamuro J, Maeda YY, Arai Y, Fukuoka F (1970) Fractionation and purification of the polysaccharides with marked anti-tumor activity, especially lentinan, from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. (an edible mushroom). Cancer Res 30:2776–2781
Clavel F, Guetard D, Brun-Vézinet F, Chamaret S, Rey MA, Santos-Ferriera MO, Laurent AG, Dauget C, Katlame C, Rouzioux C, Klatzmann D, Champalimaud JL, Montagnier L (1986) Isolation of a new human retrovirus from West African patients with AIDS. Science 233:343–346
De Clercq E (1986) Chemotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). J Med Chem 29:1561–1569
DiCioccio RA, Srivastava BIS (1978) Inhibition of deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzyme activities of human cells and of simian sarcoma virus by heparin. Cancer Res 38:2401–2407
Diller IC, Mankowski ZT, Fisher ME (1963) The effect of yeast polysaccharides on mouse tumors. Cancer Res 23:201–208
DiLuzio NR, Williams DL, McNamee RB, Edwards BF, Kitahara A (1979) Comparative tumor-inhibitory and anti-bacterial activity of soluble and particulate glucan. Int J Cancer 24:773–779
Fauci AS, Macher AM, Longo DL, Lane HC, Rook AH, Masur H, Gelmann EP (1984) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: epidemiologic, clinical, immunologic, and the therapeutic considerations. Ann Int Med 100:92–106
Harada S, Koyanagi Y, Yamamoto N (1985) Infection of HTLV-III/LAV in HTLV-I-carrying cells MT-2 and MT-4 and application in a plaque-assay. Science 229:563–566
Hirose K, Hakozaki M, Kakuchi J, Matsunaga K, Yashikumi C, Takahashi M, Tochikura TS, Yamamoto N (1987) A biological response modifier, PSK, inhibits reverse transcriptase in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 149:562–567
Hirsch MS, Kaplan JC (1987) Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 31:839–843
Kamasuka T, Momoki Y, Sakai S (1968) Antitumor activity of polysaccharide fractions prepared from some strains of basidiomycetes. Jpn J Cancer Res (Gann) 59:443–445
Klatzman D, Barré-Sinoussi F, Nugeyre MT, Dauguet C, Vilmer E, Griscelli C, Brun-Vézinet F, Rouzioux C, Gluckman JC, Chermann JC, Montagnier L (1984) Selective tropism of lymphademopathy associated virus (LAV) for helper-inducer T lymphocytes. Science 225:59–63
Koyanagi Y, Harada S, Yamamoto N (1986) Establishment of a high production system for AIDS retroviruses with a human T-leukemic cell Une MOLT-4. Cancer Lett 30:299–310
Maeda H, Choji Y, Hibino Y, Yasumura S, Masumi A, Sugano N (1983) The 3rd congress of the federation of Asian and Oceanian biochemists, Bangkok, Thailand
Minowada J, Ohnuma T, Moore GE (1972) Rosette forming human lymphoid cell lines. I. Establishment and evidence for origin of thymus-derived lymphocytes. J Natl Cancer Inst 49:891–895
Miyoshi I, Taguchi H, Kubonishi I, Yoshimoto S, Ohtsuki Y, Shiraishi Y, Akagi T (1982) Type C virus-producing cell lines derived from adult T-cell leukemia. Jpn J Cancer Res (Gann) Monogr 28:219–229
Mizoguchi Y, Yamamoto S (1984) The 12th international congress of gastroenterology, Lisabon, Portugal
Nakashima H, Kido Y, Kobayashi N, Motoki Y, Neushul M, Yamamoto N (1987) Purification and characterization of an avian myeloblastosis and human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase inhibitor, sulfated polysaccharides extracted from sea algae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 31:1524–1528
Nakashima H, Kido Y, Kobayashi N, Motoki Y, Neushul M, Yamamoto N (1987) Antiretroviral activity in a marine red alga: reverse transcriptase inhibition by an aqueous extract of Schizymenia pacifica. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 113:413–416
Nakashima H, Tochikura T, Kobayashi N, Matsuda A, Ueda T, Yamamoto N (1987) Effect of 3′-azido-2′, 3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT) and neutralizing antibody on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced cytopathic effects: implication of giant cell formation for the spread of virus in vivo. Virology 159:169–173
Popovic M, Sarngadharan MG, Read E, Gallo RC (1984) Detection, isolation, and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science 224:497–500
Starcich BR, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Mcneely PDM, Drow S, Wolff H, Parks WP, Josephs SF, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F (1986) Identification and characterization of conserved and variable regions in the envelope gene of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus of AIDS. Cell 45:637–648
Sugano N, Choji Y, Hibino Y, Yasumura S, Maeda H (1985) Anticarcinogenic action of an alcohol-insoluble fraction (LAP1) from culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia. Cancer Lett 27:1–6
Sugano N, Hibino Y, Choji Y, Maeda H (1982) Anticarcinogenic actions of water-soluble and alcohol-insoluble fractions from culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia. Cancer Lett 17:109–114
Sundstrom C, Nilsson K (1976) Establishment and characterization of a human histiocytic lymphoma cell line (U-937). Int J Cancer 17:565–577
Tochikura TS, Nakashima H, Hirose K, Yamamoto N (1987) A biological response modifier, PSK, inhibits human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 148:726–733
Wain-Hobson S, Sonigo P, Danos O, Cole S, Alizon M (1985) Nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, LAV. Cell 40:9–17
Yoffe B, Lewis DE, Petrie BL, Noonan CA, Milnick JL, Hollinger FB (1987) Fusion as a mediator of cytolysis in mixtures of uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes and cells infected by human immunodeficiency virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:1429–1433
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tochikura, T.S., Nakashima, H., Ohashi, Y. et al. Inhibition (in vitro) of replication and of the cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus by an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia. Med Microbiol Immunol 177, 235–244 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00189409
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00189409