Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunocytochemical investigation of forebrain control by somatostatin of the pituitary in the teleost Poecilia latipinna

  • Published:
Cell and Tissue Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

An extensive system of somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons has been localized in the forebrain and pituitary of the molly (Poecilia latipinna), using the unlabelled antibody immunocytochemical method.

In the hypothalamus, reactive perikarya were scattered throughout the parvocellular divisions of the preoptic nucleus. These cells were smaller in size and more ventral in position than those which stained with antisera to the neurohypophysial hormones, vasotocin and isotocin. A few very small somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed in the tuberal region and in the nuclei of the lateral and posterior recesses — areas which were rich in somatostatin-immunoreactive fibres.

Somatostatin cells were also found in a small area of the ventral thalamus, mainly in the dorsolateral nucleus. Some of these neurons were large and multipolar, and appeared to form tracts of fibres into the posterior hypothalamus. In the telencephalon there were a few stained cells in the ventral area, with a complex pattern of fibres occurring in parts of the dorsal area.

Somatostatin-immunoreactivity was intense in the central and posterior neurohypophysis, and particularly in its finger-like projections into the proximal pars distalis, around groups of growth hormone cells. Examination of material from fishes under various experimental conditions provided evidence for the somatostatin fibres originating from the preoptic neurons being involved in the control of growth hormone secretion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ball JN (1981) Hypothalamic control of the pars distalis in fishes, amphibians and reptiles. Gen Comp Endocrinol 44:135–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC (1976) Ultrastructural studies on the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus in the teleost Poecilia latipinna. PhD Thesis, University of Sheffield

  • Batten TFC (1986) Immunocytochemical demonstration of the pituitary cell types in the teleost Poecilia latipinna, by light and electron microscopy. Gen Comp Endocrinol (in press)

  • Batten TFC, Ball JN (1977a) Quantitative ultrastructural evidence of alterations in prolaction secretion related to external salinity in a teleost fish (Poecilia latipinna). Cell Tissue Res 185:129–145

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Ball JN (1977b) Ultrastructure of the neurohypophysis of the teleost Poecilia latipinna in relation to neural control of the adenohypophysial cells. Cell Tissue Res 185:409–433

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Goos HJTh (1984) Hypophysiotrophic factors in the hypothalamus of Poecilia latipinna: an immunohistochemical study. Gen Comp Endocrinol 53:437

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Wigham T (1984) Effects of TRH and somatostatin on releases of prolactin and growth hormone in vitro by the pituitary of Poecilia latipinna. II. Electron-microscopic morphometry using automatic image analysis. Cell Tissue Res 237:595–603

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Ingleton PM, Ball JN (1979) Ultrastructural and formaldehyde-fluorescence studies on the hypothalamus of Poecilia latipinna (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes). Gen Comp Endocrinol 39:87–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Cambré ML, Verdonck WA, Ollevier F, Vandesande F (1984) Immunohistochemical localization of neuropeptides in the forebrain and pituitary gland of a teleost fish. Abstracts 7th Internatl Congress of Endocrinology, Quebec City. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam p 296

    Google Scholar 

  • Batten TFC, Skarphedinsson Ö, Ingleton PM (1985) Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical studies on prolactin and growth hormone cells in fishes. In: McLeod RM, Thorner MO, Scarpagnini U (eds) Prolactin-basic and clinical correlates. Liviana Press, Genoa

    Google Scholar 

  • Bautz A, Schilt J, Richoux J, Dubois MP (1980) Détection immunocytologique, dénombrement, et localisation des cellules somatostatines (SRIF) chez deux espèces de planaries, Dugesia lugubris et Dendrocoelum lacteum (Turbellaries, Triclades). C R Acad Sci 291:833–836

    Google Scholar 

  • Blähser S, Fellmann D, Bugnon C (1978) Immunocytochemical demonstration of somatostatin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus of the domestic mallard. Cell Tissue Res 195:183–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Cocchi D, Locatelli V (1983) Growth hormone secretion in non-mammalian species. In: Nistico G, Bolis L (eds) Progress in non-mammalian brain research. CRC Press, Baton Rouge pp 177–205

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook AF, Peter RE (1983) Effects of hypothalamic lesions on serum growth hormone levels in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 51:175–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook AF, Peter RE (1984) The effects of somatostatin on serum growth hormone levels in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 54:109–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Demski LS, Knigge KM (1971) The telencephalon and hypothalamus of the blue-gill (Lepomis macrochirus): evoked feeding, aggressive and reproductive behavior with representative frontal sections. J Comp Neurol 143:1–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Dierickx K, Vandesande F (1979) Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin-containing neurons in the rat hypothalamus. Cell Tissue Res 201:349–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Dierickx K, Goossens N, Vandesande F (1981) The origin of somatostatin fibres in the median eminence and neural lobe of Rana temporaria. Cell Tissue Res 215:41–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Doerr-Schott J, Joly L, Dubois MP (1978) Sur l'existence dans la part cerebralis d'un insecte (Locusta migratoria R et F) de cellules neurosécrétices fixant un antisérum antisomatostatine. CR Acad Sci 186:93–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubois MP, Barry J, Leonardelli J (1974) Mise en évidence par immunofluorescence et répartition de la somatostatine (SRIF) dans l'éminence médiane des vertébrés (Mammifères, Oiseaux, Amphibiens, Poissons). CR Acad Sci 279:1899–1902

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubois MP, Billard R, Breton B, Peter RE (1979) Comparative distribution of somatostatin, LHRH, neurophysin, and α-endorphin in the rainbow trout: an immunocytochemical study. Gen Comp Endocrinol 37:220–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Elde R, Hökfelt T, Johannsen O, Ljungdahl A, Nilsson G, Jeffcoate SL (1978) Immunohistochemical localization of peptides in the nervous system. In: Hughes J (ed) Centrally acting peptides. McMillan, London pp 17–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Fasolo A, Gaudino G (1981) Somatostatin immunoreactive neurons and fibres in the hypothalamus of the newt. Gen Comp Endocrinol 44:256–263

    Google Scholar 

  • Fasolo A, Gaudino G (1982) Immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus of the lizard, Lacerta sicula. Gen Comp Endocrinol 48:205–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Finger TE (1975) The distribution of the olfactory tracts in the bullhead catfish, Ictalurus nebulosus. J Comp Neurol 161:125–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Finger TE (1980) Nonolfactory sensory pathway to the telencephalon in a teleost fish. Science 210:671–672

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch HAR, Van Noorden S, Pearse AGE (1979) Localization of somatostatin-, substance P-and calcitonin-like immunoreactivity in the neural ganglion of Ciona intestinalis L (Ascidiaceae). Cell Tissue Res 202:263–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Fryer JN (1981) Hypothalamic lesions stimulating growth hormone cell activity in the goldfish. Cell Tissue Res 214:387–395

    Google Scholar 

  • Fryer JN, Nishioka RS, Bern HA (1979) Somatostatin inhibition of teleost growth hormone secretion. Gen Comp Endocrinol 38:244–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Goossens N, Dierickx K, Vandesande F (1980) Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin in the brain of the lizard, Ctenosauria pectinata. Cell Tissue Res 208:499–505

    Google Scholar 

  • Grau EG, Nishioka RS, Young G, Bern HA (1983) Somatostatinlike immunofluorescence in the hypothalamus and pituitary of several teleost fish. Am Zool 23:883

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson IMD (1978) Extrahypothalamic and phylogenetic distribution of hypothalamic peptides. In: Reichlin S, Baldesarini RD, Martin JB (eds) The hypothalamus. Raven Press, New York pp 217–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Kah O, Chambolle P, Dubourg P, Dubois MP (1982) Localisation immunocytochimique de la somatostatine dans le cerveau antérieur et l'hypophyse de deux téléostéens, le cyprin (Carassius auratus) et Gambusia sp. CR Acad Sci 294:519–524

    Google Scholar 

  • King JA, Millar RP (1979) Phylogenetic and anatomical distribution of somatostatin in vertebrates. Endocrinology 105:1322–1329

    Google Scholar 

  • Krisch B (1977) Morphological equivalent of the bifunctional role of somatostatin. Cell Tissue Res 179:211–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Krisch B (1978) Hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic distribution of somatostatin-immunoreactive elements in the rat brain. Cell Tissue Res 195:499–513

    Google Scholar 

  • Kusonoki T, Masai H (1966) Chemoarchitectonics in the central nervous system of goldfish. Arch Histol Jp 27:363–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyle AL, Peter RE (1982) Effects of forebrain lesions on spawning behavior in the male goldfish. Physiol Behav 28:1103–1109

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin JB, Renaud LP, Brazeau P (1975) Hypothalamic peptides: new evidence for peptidergic pathways in the CNS. Lancet 2:393–395

    Google Scholar 

  • McQuillan MT (1980) Somatostain vol 2. Eden Press, Montreal

    Google Scholar 

  • Munro AD, Dodd JM (1983) Forebrain of fishes: neuroendocrine control mechanisms. In: Nistico G, Bolis L (eds) Progress in nonmammalian brain research. Vol III. CRC Press, Baton Rouge pp 1–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Northcutt RG, Bradford MR Jr (1980) New observations on the organization and evolution of the telencephalon of actinopterygian fishes. In: Ebbesson SOE (ed) Comparative neurology of the telencephalon. Plenum Press, New York pp 41–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Nozaki M, Gorbman A (1983) Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin and vasotocin in the brain of the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stouti. Cell Tissue Res 229:541–550

    Google Scholar 

  • Palkovits M, Mezey E, Ambach G, Kivovics P (1978) Neural and vascular connections between the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and preoptic nuclei. In: Scott DE, Kozlowski GP, Weindl A (eds) Brain-endocrine interaction III. Neural hormones and reproduction. Karger, Basel pp 302–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons JA, Erlandsen SL, Hegre O, McEvoy RC, Elde RP (1976) Central and peripheral localization of somatostatin immunoenzyme immunocytochemical studies. J Histochem Cytochem 24:872–882

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter RE, McKeown BA (1975) Hypothalamic control of prolactin and thyrotropin secretion in teleosts, with special reference to recent studies on the goldfish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 25:153–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter RE, Macey MJ, Gill VE (1975) A stereotaxic atlas and technique for forebrain nuclei of the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. J Comp Neurol 159:103–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickford GE, Knight WR, Knight JN, Gallardo R, Baker BI (1981) Long-term effects of hypothalamic lesions on the pituitary and its target organs in the killifish Fundulus heteroclitus. I. Effects on the gonads, thyroid, and growth. J Exp Zool 217:341–351

    Google Scholar 

  • Rémy C, Dubois MP (1978) Immunofluorescence of somatostatinproducing sites in the hypothalamus of the tadpole, Alytes obstetricans Laur. Cell Tissue Res 187:315–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Schot LPC, Boer HH, Swaab DF, Van Noorden S (1981) Immunocytochemical demonstration of peptidergic neurons in the central nervous system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis with antisera raised to biologically active peptides of vertebrates. Cell Tissue Res 216:273–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Stacey NE, Kyle AL (1983) Effects of olfactory tract lesions on sexual and feeding behavior in the goldfish. Physiol Behav 30:621–628

    Google Scholar 

  • Steedman HF (1970) A one-solution triacid general stain which differentiates oxygenated from non-oxygenated red blood corpuscles. Stain Technol 45:247–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberger LA, Hardy PH Jr, Cuculis JJ, Meyer HG (1970) The unlabeled antibody enzyme method of immunohistochemistry. Preparation and properties of soluble antigen-antibody complex (horseradish peroxidase-antihorseradish peroxidase) and its use in the identification of spirochetes. J Histochem Cytochem 18:315–333

    Google Scholar 

  • Vale W, Brazeau P, Rivier C, Brown M, Boss B, Rivier J, Burgos R, Ling N, Guillemin R (1975) Somatostatin. Rec Prog Horm Res 31:365

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandesande F, Dierickx K (1980) Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin-containing neurons in the brain of Rana temporaria. Cell Tissue Res 205:43–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandesande F, Dierickx K, De Mey J (1975) Identification of the vasopressin-neurophysin II and the oxytocin-neurophysin I producing neurons in the bovine hypothalamus. Cell Tissue Res 156:189–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandesande F, Dierickx K, De Mey J (1977) The origin of the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic fibres of the external region of the median eminence of the rat hypophysis. Cell Tissue Res 180:443–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Vigh B, Vigh-Teichmann I (1973) Comparative ultrastructure of the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. Internat Rev Cytol 35:189–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Vigh-Teichmann I, Vigh B, Korf H-W, Oksche A (1983) CSF-contacting and other somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons in the brains of Anguilla anguilla, Phoxinus phoxinus, and Salmo gairdneri (Teleostei). Cell Tissue Res 233:319–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Weindl A, Sofroniew MV (1978) Neurohormones and circumventricular organs. An immunohistochemical investigation. In: Scott DE, Kozlowski GP, Weindl A (eds) Brain-endocrine interaction III. Neural hormones and reproduction. Karger, Basel pp 117–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenger T, Törk I (1968) Studies on the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis of fishes, amphibia, reptilia, birds and mammals. Acta Biol Acad Sci Hung 19:83–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Wigham T, Batten TFC (1984) In vitro effects of TRH and somatostatin on prolactin and growth hormone release by the pituitary of Poecilia latipinna. I. An electrophoretic study. Gen Comp Endocrinol 55:444–449

    Google Scholar 

  • Young G, Ball JN (1983) Ultrastructural changes in the adenohypophysis during the ovarian cycle of the viviparous teleost Poecilia latipinna. III. The growth hormone, adrenocorticotrophic and prolactin cells and the pars intermedia. Gen Comp Endocrinol 52:86–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Yui R (1983) Immunohistochemical studies on peptide neurons in the hypothalamus of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. Gen Comp Endocrinol 49:195–209

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, The University, Sheffield, England

    T. F. C. Batten, D. J. Groves, J. N. Ball, M. L. Cambré, W. A. Verdonck, F. Ollevier & F. Vandesande

  2. Zoologisch Instituut, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium

    M. L. Cambré, W. A. Verdonck, F. Ollevier & F. Vandesande

Authors
  1. T. F. C. Batten
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. J. Groves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. N. Ball
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. L. Cambré
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. W. A. Verdonck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. F. Ollevier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. F. Vandesande
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Batten, T.F.C., Groves, D.J., Ball, J.N. et al. Immunocytochemical investigation of forebrain control by somatostatin of the pituitary in the teleost Poecilia latipinna . Cell Tissue Res. 242, 115–125 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00225569

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00225569

Key words

Search

Navigation