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Studies on neutral fat, lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase in relation to vascular disease in young Indian diabetics

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Riassunto

Ottanta pazienti diabetici e 20 soggetti normali di età inferiore a 40 anni, dell'All-India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi, sono stati sottoposti ascreening per accertare la presenza di vasculopatie; sono stati anche ricercati eventuali rapporti con i trigliceridi, le prebeta-lipoproteine e la lipoprotein-lipasi del siero. L'incidenza di vasculopatie (ipertensione, retinopatia, malattie cardiovascolari, renali e dei vasi periferici) è risultata, nei soggetti diabetici, pari al 27,5%. I livelli dei trigliceridi e delle pre-beta-lipoproteine del siero, nonché il rapporto β/α, erano significativamente più alti nei diabetici che nei soggetti normali e nettamente superiori nei diabetici vasculopatici che in quelli senza segni di vasculopatia. La lipoprotein-lipasi non si mostrava alterata in nessuno dei due gruppi di pazienti diabetici. La durata del diabete, il tipo di trattamento ed il grado di regolazione metabolica non avevano un ruolo importante nell'eziologia delle vasculopatie. Stando ai risultati ottenuti nel presente studio, l'iper-pre-beta-lipoproteinemia sembra essere dovuta ad un'alterazione lipidica primitiva; essa non è glucido-dipendente e non si accompagna ad attività lipoprotein-lipasica post-eparinica.

Résumé

Quatre-vingts patients diabétiques et 20 sujets normaux âgés de moins de 40 ans, de l'All-India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi, ont été soumis à unscreening pour vérifier la présence de vasculopathies; on a également recherché d'éventuelles relations avec les triglycérides, les pré-bêta-lipoprotéines et la lipoprotéin-lipase du sérum. La fréquence de vasculopathies (hypertension, rétinopathie, maladies cardiovasculaires, rénales et des vaisseaux périphériques) était de 27,5% chez les diabétiques. Les concentrations sériques des triglycérides et des pré-bêta-lipoprotéines, ainsi que le rapport β/α étaient significativement plus élevées chez les diabétiques que chez les sujets normaux et nettement supérieures chez les diabétiques avec vasculopathie que chez ceux sans vasculopathie. La lipoprotéin-lipase ne montrait aucune altération dans les deux groupes de patients diabétiques. La durée du diabète, le type de traitement et le degré de contrôle métabolique ne jouaient pas un rôle important dans l'étiologie des vasculopathies. D'après les résultats obtenus, l'hyper-pré-bêta-lipoprotéinémie semble être le résultat d'un trouble lipidique primitif; elle n'est pas glucido-dépendante et ne s'accompagne pas d'activité lipoprotéin-lipasique post-héparinique.

Resumen

Ochenta enfermos de diabetes y 20 individuos normales de edad inferior a los 40 años han sido sometidos, en elAll-India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi, ascreening para determinar la presencia de vasculopatias; también se han llevado a cabo investigaciones para determinar posibles relaciones con los triglicéridos, las pre-beta-lipoproteínas y la lipoprotein-lipasa del suero. La frecuencia de las vasculopatias (hipertensión, retinopatia, enfermedades cardiovasculares, renales y de los vasos periféricos) en los individuos diabéticos fué del 27,5%. Los niveles de los triglicéridos y de las pre-beta-lipoproteínas del suero y la relación β/α, eran significativamente más altos en los diabéticos que en los individuos normales y netamente superiores en los diabéticos vasculopáticos que en los que no presentaban indicios de la enfermedad. La lipoprotein-lipasa no presentaba alteraciones en ninguno de los dos grupos de pacientes diabéticos. La duración de la diabetes, el tipo de tratamiento y el grado de regulación metabólica no jugaban un papel importante en la etiología de las vasculopatias. Considerando los resultados objeto del presente estudio, la hiper-pre-beta-lipoproteinemia parece derivar de una primitiva alteración de los lípidos, no consecuencia de los carbohidratos o asociada con la actividad lipoprotein-lipasa post-héparinica.

Zusammenfassung

Achtzig Diabetiker und 20 Normalpersonen im Alter von unter 40 Jahren wurden imAll-India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi, einer Reihenuntersuchung unterzogen, um eventuelle Gefässleiden festzustellen; es wurde auch nach eventuellen Beziehungen zu Triglyzeriden, Präbetalipoproteinen und Lipoproteinlipasen im Serum gefahndet. Gefässkrankheiten (Hypertonie, Retinopathie, Herz-Kreislaufstörungen, Störungen der Nierendurchblutung und der peripheren Zirkulation) fanden sich bei 27,5% der Diabetiker. Triglyzeride, Präbetalipoproteine und Verhältnis der β/α-Lipoproteine waren wesentlich höher bei Diabetikern als bei Normalpersonen und insbesondere bei Diabetikern mit Gefässleiden, im Vergleich zu solchen ohne Zeichen derartiger Erkrankungen. Die Lipoproteinlipase war bei keiner der beiden Gruppen von Diabetikern verändert. Die Dauer des Diabetes, die Art der Behandlung und der Grad der Stoffwechselkontrolle spielten keine wesentliche Rolle in der Ätiologie der Gefässleiden. Aus der Ergebnissen der beschriebenen Untersuchungen scheint hervorzugehen, dass die Hyperlipämie des Diabetes mellitus Folge einer primären Störung des Fettstoffwechsels ist und nicht von den Kohlehydraten abhängt oder mit der PHLA verknüpft ist.

Summary

Eighty diabetics and 20 normals under the age of forty were screened for vascular disease at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi, and a relationship was sought with the serum triglycerides, pre-beta-lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase. The incidence of vascular disease (hypertension, retinopathy, cardiovascular, renal and peripheral vascular disease) was 27.5% in this series. The serum triglyceride and pre-beta-lipoprotein levels and the β/α ratio were significantly higher in the diabetics than in the normals and distinctly higher in diabetics with vascular disease than in those without. Lipoprotein lipase was not altered in either diabetic group. The duration of diabetes and the mode of treatment and control had no significant role in the causation of vascular disease. According to this series, hyper-pre-beta-lipoproteinemia seems to result from a primary lipid disturbance; it is not carbohydrate dependent or associated with PHLA activity.

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Bhan, C.K., Kumar, V. & Ahuja, M.M.S. Studies on neutral fat, lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase in relation to vascular disease in young Indian diabetics. Acta diabet. lat 8, 638–648 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01550893

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