Summary
A cDNA clone in pBR322 that cross-hybridizes with a mouse carbonic anhydrase form II (CAII) probe has been sequenced and identified as mouse carbonic anhydrase form I (CAI). The 1224-base-pair clone encodes the entire 260-amino-acid protein and appears to contain an Alu-like element in the 3′ untranslated region. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 77% homology to human CAI and contains 17 of the 20 residues that are considered unique to and invariant for all mammalian CAI isozymes. The results of a detailed comparison of the nucleic acid sequences spanning the coding regions of mouse CAI and rabbit CAI have been used to calibrate an evolutionary clock for the carbonic anhydrases (CAs). These data have been applied to a comparison of the mouse CAI and CAII nucleic acid sequences to calculate the divergence time between the two genes. The divergence-time calculation provides the first estimation of the evolutionary relationship between CAs based entirely on nucleotide sequence comparison.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andersson B, Nyman PO, Strid L (1972) Amino acid sequence of human erythrocyte CA B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 48:670–677
Curtis PJ (1983) Cloning of mouse carbonic anhydrase mRNA and its induction in mouse erythroleukemic cells. J Biol Chem 258:4459–4463
Curtis PJ, Withers E, Demuth D, Watt R, Venta PJ, Tashian RE (1983) The nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of cDNA coding for mouse carbonic anhydrase II. Gene 25:325–332
Efstratiadis A, Posakony JW, Maniatis T, Lawn RM, O'Connell C, Spritz RA, DeRiel JK, Forget BG, Weissman SW, Slightom JL, Blechl AE, Smithies O, Baralle FE, Shoulders CC, Proudfoot J (1980) The structure and evolution of the human β-globin gene family. Cell 21:653–668
Eicher EM, Stern RN, Womack JE, Davisson MT, Roderick TH, Reynolds SC (1976) Evolution of mammalian carbonic anhydrase loci by tandem duplication: close linkage of car-1 and car-2 to the centromere region of chromosome 3 of the mouse. Biochem Genet 14:651–660
Galli G, Hofstetter H, Birnstiel ML (1981) Two conserved sequence blocks within eukaryotic tRNA genes are major promoter elements. Nature 294:626–631
Hewett-Emmett D, Hopkins PJ, Tashian RE, Czelusniak J (1984) Origins and molecular evolution of the carbonic anhydrase isozymes. Ann NY Acad Sci 429:338–358
Konialis CP, Barlow JH, Butterworth PHW (1985) Cloned cDNA for rabbit erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I: a novel erythrocyte-specific probe to study development in erythroid tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:663–667
Kramerov DA, Lekakh IV, Samarina OP, Ryskov AP (1982) The sequences homologous to major interspersed repeats B1 and B2 of mouse genome are present in mRNA and small cytoplasmic poly(A)+RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 10:7477–7491
Krayev AS, Markusheva TV, Kramerov DA, Ryskov AP, Skryabin KG, Bayev AA, Georgiev GP (1982) Ubiquitous transposon-like repeats B1 and B2 of the mouse genome: B2 sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 10:7461–7475
Kress M, Barra Y, Seidman JG, Khoury G, Jay G (1984) Functional insertion of an Alu type 2 (B2 sine) repetitive sequence in murine class I genes. Science 226:974–977
Lehrman MA, Schneider WJ, Sudhof TC, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Russell DW (1985) Mutation in LDL receptor: Alu-Alu recombination deletes exons encoding transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Science 227:140–146
Perler F, Efstratiadis A, Lomedico P, Gilbert W, Kolodner R, Dodgson J (1980) The evolution of genes: the chicken preproinsulin gene. Cell 20:555–556
Ryskov AP, Ivanov PL, Kramerov DA, Georgiev GP (1983) Mouse ubiquitous B2 repeat in polysomal and cytoplasmic poly(A)+RNAs: unidirectional orientation and 3′-end localization. Nucleic Acids Res 11:6541–6558
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 5463–5467
Sly WS, Whyte MP, Sundaram V, Tashian RE, Hewett-Emmett D, Guibaud P, Vainsel M, Balvarte J, Gruskin A, Al-Mosawi M, Sakati N, Ohlsson A (1985) Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency in 12 families with the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification. N Engl J Med 313:139–145
Stern RH, Boyer SH, Conscience J-F, Friend C, Margolet L, Tashian RE, Ruddle FH (1977) Carbonic anhydrase isozymes in cultured Friend leukemic cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 156:52–55
Summers J (1975) Physical map of polyoma DNA fragments produced by cleavage with a restriction enzyme fromHaemophilus aegyptius endonuclease R HaeIII. J Virol 15:946–953
Tashian RE, Hewett-Emmett D, Goodman M (1983) On the evolution and genetics of carbonic anhydrases I, II, and III. In: Rattazzi MC, Scandalios JG, Whitt GS (eds) Isozymes. Alan R Liss, New York, pp 79–100 (Current topics in biological and medical research, vol 6)
Wilson AC, Carlson SS, White TJ (1977) Biochemical evolution. Annu Rev Biochem 46:573–639
Yamamoto T, Davis CG, Brown MS, Schneider WJ, Casey ML, Goldstein JL, Russell DW (1984) The human LDL receptor: a cysteine-rich protein with multiple Alu sequences in its mRNA. Cell 39:27–38
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fraser, P.J., Curtis, P.J. Molecular evolution of the carbonic anhydrase genes: Calculation of divergence time for mouse carbonic anhydrase I and II. J Mol Evol 23, 294–299 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02100637
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02100637