Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Estimation of the dimensionality of sleep-EEG data in schizophrenics

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Deterministic chaos could be regarded as a healthy flexibility of the human brain necessary for correct neuronal operations. Several investigations have demonstrated that in healthy subjects the dimensionality of REM sleep is much higher than that of slow wave sleep (SWS). We investigated the sleep-EEG of schizophrenic patients with methods from nonlinear system theory in order to estimate the dynamic properties of CNS. We hypothesized that schizophrenics would reveal alterations of their dynamic EEG features indicating impaired information processing.

In 11 schizophrenic patients, the EEG's dimensionality during sleep stages II and REM was reduced. We suggest that such lower dimensional chaotic processes might be associated with an overloading of neuronal networks during sleep and therefore the psychopathology of schizophrenics might be due to impaired complexity of their EEG's dynamics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised version. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babloyantz A (1991) Evidence for slow brain waves: a dynamical approach. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 78:402–405

    Google Scholar 

  • Babloyantz A, Salazar JM, Nicolis C, (1985) Evidence of chaotic dynamics of brain activity during the sleep cycle. Phys Lett A 111:152–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Caldwell DF, Domino EF (1967) Electroencephalographic and eye movement patterns during sleep in chronic schizophrenic patients. Electroencephalogr Clin. Neurophysiol 22:414–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Callaway E (1970) Schizophrenia and interference. An analogy with a malfunctioning computer. Arch Gen Psychiatry 22:193–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Callway E, Naghdi S (1982) An information processing model for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 349:339–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Crick F, Mitchison G (1983) The function of dream sleep. Nature 304:111–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Destexhe A, Sepulchre JA, Babloyantz A (1988) A comparative study of the experimental quantification of deterministic chaos. Phys Lett A 132:101–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Dieckmann V, Reinke W, Grözinger B, Westphal KP, Kornhuber HH (1985) Diminished order in the EEG of schizophrenic patients. Naturwissenschaften 72:541–542

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehlers C, Havstad JW, Garfinkel A, Kupfer DJ (1991) Nonlinear analysis of EEG sleep status. Neuropsychopharmacology 5: 167–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Farmer JD, Ott E, Yorke A (1983) The dimension of chaotic attractors. Physica 7D:153–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg I, Koresko RL, Gottlieb F (1965) Further observations electrophysiological sleep patterns in schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 6:21–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg I, Braun M, Kovesho RL (1969) Stage 4 sleep in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:262–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Foulkes WD (1962) Dream reports from different stages of sleep. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 65:14–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman WJ, Skarda CA (1985) Spatial EG patterns, non-linear dynamics and preception: the Neo-Sherringtonian view. Brain Res Rev 10:147–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallez D, Babloyantz A (1991) Predictability of human EEG: a dynamical approach. Biol Cybern 64:381–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillin JC, Buchsbaum MS, Jacobs LS (1974) Partial REM sleep deprivation, schizophrenia, and field articulation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 30:653–662

    Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger P, Procaccia I (1983) Measuring the strangeness of strange attractors. Physica 9D:183–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobson JA (1990) Sleep and dreaming. J Neurosci 10:371–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann RE (1987) Neural information processing and the schizophrenia mania dichotomy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:178–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Keshavan MS, Reynolds CF, Kupfer DJ (1990) Electroencephalographic sleep in schizophrenia — A critical review. Compr Psychiatry 30:34–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Koukkou M, Lehmann D, Wackermann J, Dvorak I, Henggeler B (1992) The dimensional complexity of the EEG in untreated acute schizophrenics, in persons in remission after a first schizophrenic episode and in controls. Schizophrenia Res. 6:129

    Google Scholar 

  • Kupfer DJ, Wyatt RJ, Scott J, Snyder F (1970) Sleep disturbance in acute schizophrenic patients. AM J Psychiatry 126:1213–1223

    Google Scholar 

  • Llinas RR, Paré D (1991) Dreaming and wakefulness. Neuroscience 44:531–535

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopes da Silva FH (1991) Neural mechanisms underlying brain waves: from neural membranes to networks. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 79:81–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman EA, Evans CR (1965) Human dream processes as analogues to computer programme clearance. Nature 206:534

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker TS, Shua CO (1989) Practical numerical algorithms for chaotic systems. Springer New York Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Pijn JP, van Neerven J, Noest A, Lopes a Silva FH (1991) Chaos or noise in EEG signals; dependence on state and brain site. Electroencephalogr Clin. Neurophysiol 79:371–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Pool R (1989) It is healthy to be chaotic. Science 243:604–607

    Google Scholar 

  • Rechtschaffen A, Kales A (1968) A manual of standardized terminology, technics and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. Public Health Service. NIH publication 204, Washington D.C.;, US Government Printing Office

    Google Scholar 

  • Reich L, Weiss BL, Coble P, McPartland R, Kupfer JD (1975) Sleep disturbance in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32: 51–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Renyi A (1970) Probability Theory. North Holland

  • Rifant C (1979) On dreams, hallucinations, and schizophrenia. Trends in Neuroscience 2:162

    Google Scholar 

  • Röschke J (1992) Strange attractors, chaotic behavior and informational aspects of sleep-EEG data. Neuropsychobiology, in press

  • Röschke J, Aldenhoff JB (1991) The dimensionality of human's electroencephalogram during sleep. Biol Cybern 64:307–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Röschke J, Aldenhoff JB (1992) A nonlinear approach to brain function: deterministic chaos and sleep-EEG Sleep 15:95–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder MR (1984) Linear prediction, entropy and signal analysis. IEEE ASSP 7:3–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Soong ACK, Stuart CIJM (1989) Evidence of chaotic dynamics underlying the human alpha-rhythm electroencephalogram. Biol Cybernetics 62:55–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Skarda CA, Freeman WJ (1987) How brains male chaos in order to make sense of the world. Behav Brain Sci 10:161–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern M, Fram D, Wyatt R, Grinspoon L, Tursky B (1969) All night sleep studies of acute schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 20:470–477

    Google Scholar 

  • Takens F (1981) Detecting strange attractors in turbulence. Lect Notes in Math 898:366–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Theiler J (1986) Spurious dimension from correlation algorithms applied to limited time series data. Phys Rev A 34:2427–2432

    Google Scholar 

  • Traub AC (1972) Sleep stage deficit in chronic schizophrenia. Psychol Rep 31:815–820

    Google Scholar 

  • Zarcone V, Azumi K, Dement WC (1975) REM phase deprivation and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32:1431–1436

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Straße 8, W-6500, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

    J. Röschke & J. B. Aldenhoff

Authors
  1. J. Röschke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. B. Aldenhoff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Röschke, J., Aldenhoff, J.B. Estimation of the dimensionality of sleep-EEG data in schizophrenics. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Nuerosci 242, 191–196 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02189962

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02189962

Key words

Search

Navigation