Summary
The use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as an alternative to conventional liquid extraction has been investigated to conventional liquid extraction has been investigated for the isolation of bile acids (cholic acid, deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid) from the solid material obtained by bovine bile hydrolysis. Initial studies indicated that bile acids are not soluble in supercritical CO2, consequently the addition of the polar modifier methanol to the CO2 extracting fluid was evaluated. Quantitative recoveries (>88.5%) were obtained for the bile acids in 20 min with 15% (v/v) methanol in CO2 at 220 atm and 70°C. A comparison of SFE with pyridine extraction was performed on samples of hydrolyzed crude bovine bile. The SFE method yielded recoveries higher than 82.7% compared with conventional liquid extraction. Moreover, SFE minimized sample handling, reduced the consumption of harmful solvents and provided conditions suitable for selective extractions of bile acids from bovine bile raw materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. F. Fieser, M. Fieser, Steroids, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York, 1959, p. 651.
A. E. Duxbury, A. W. Hampson, J. G. Sievers, J. Immunol.101, 62 (1968).
J. D. Sutherland, I. A. Macdonald, T. P. Forrest, Prep. Biochem.12, 307 (1982).
S. Scalia, U. Cova, M. Fogagnolo, S. Landi, A. Medici, Anal. Letters27, 1789 (1994).
O. Bortolini, A. Medici, S. Poli, Steroids62, 564 (1997).
A. Ward, R. N. Brogden, R. C. Heel, T. M. Speight, G. S. Avery, Drugs27, 95 (1984).
U. Leuschner, W. Kurtz, Lancet2, 508 (1987).
A. Lim, R. P. Jazrawi, T. C. Northfield, Gut3, 301 (1995).
S. Mullner, R. Hofmann, K. Saar, B. Karbe-Thonges, J. Planar Chromatogr.5, 408 (1992).
J. T. Matschiner, in P.P. Nair and D. Kritchevsky (Editors), The Bile Acids, Plenum Press, New York, 1971, vol. 1, pp. 13–14.
A. Roda, R. Gatti, V. Cavrini, C. Cerré, P. Simoni, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.11, 751 (1993).
T. L. Chester, J. D. Pinkston, D. E. Raynie, Anal. Chem.68, 487R (1996).
S. B. Hawthorne, Anal. Chem.62, 633A (1990).
K. D. Bartle, in R. Smith (Editor), Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1988, pp. 2–4.
K. D. R. Setchell, A. Matsui, Clin. Chim. Acta127, 1 (1983).
B. L. Merkt, R. M. Deibel, D. E. Raynie, Research & Development Department Report, The Procter and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, 1995.
S. Scalia, D. E. Games, J. Pharm. Sci.82, 44 (1993).
S. Scalia, J. Chromatogr. B 671, 299 (1995).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Scalia, S., Williams, J.R., Shim, J.H. et al. Supercritical fluid extraction of bile acids from bovine bile raw materials. Chromatographia 48, 785–789 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02467648
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02467648