Elsevier

Analytica Chimica Acta

Volume 101, Issue 2, 1 November 1978, Pages 283-307
Analytica Chimica Acta

High-performance pulse and differential pulse polarography: Part 2. Instrumental Considerations

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93365-3Get rights and content

Abstract

For high-performance normal and differential pulse polarography (h.p.n.p.p. and h.p.d.p.p.), the capacitance currents caused by drop growth and pulse application and the faradaic current caused by pulse application are considered in detail. The faradaic current phenomenon is discussed critically for both h.p.d.p.p. and conventional d.p.p. By considering both the capacitance and faradaic current caused by pulse application, the optimal position of the first current sampling can be calculated from charge-density data. The position of the second sampling can be optimized by considering the faradaic current caused by pulse application. The influence of practical sampling width (20 ms for European countries) on the results is evaluated and the implications are incorporated in the theory. When this sampling width is used, the influence of the capacitance current caused by drop growth on the results can be eliminated completely if the second current sampling is multiplied by an instrumentally determined factor, before it is subtracted from the first sampling. Thus for practical polarographic instrumentation, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved greatly. From theoretical considerations, other instrumental requirements are discussed; the optimal characteristics for potentiostat and current-amplifier are evaluated. Requirements for optimal performance in h.p.n.p.p. and h.p.d.p.p. are reported.

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