Excitation functions of high-energy 3He- and alpha-particle induced nuclear reactions on natural krypton with special reference to the production of 82Sr

doi:10.1016/0883-2889(90)90135-4

International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Volume 41, Issue 1, 1990, Pages 91-95

https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2889(90)90135-4 Get rights and content

Abstract

Excitation functions were measured for ^natKr(³He, xn)^82,83,85Sr and ^natKr(³He, pxn)^83,84,86Rb reactions over the energy range 20–92 MeV, and for ^natKr(α, xn)^82,83,85Sr and ^natKr(α, pxn)^83,84,86Rb processes from 20 to 120 MeV. Thick target yields of ^82,83,85Sr were calculated. At a given incident energy, the ³He-particle induced process gives a higher ⁸²Sr-yield than the α-particle process. For E_3He = 90→20 MeV the expected ⁸²Sr-yield is 35 μCi (1290 kBq)/μAh and the ⁸⁵Sr/⁸²Sr ratio is 0.35. For E_α = 120→20 MeV the calculated yield of ⁸²Sr amounts to 52 μCi (1920 kBq)/μAh and the ⁸⁵Sr/⁸²Sr ratio is 1.24.

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Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on ⁸⁵Rb
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Measurements of neutron and photon induced cross sections for the production of medical isotopes of strontium
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Citation Excerpt :
85Srg can be indirectly produced from 85Y by the 86Sr(p,2n)85Y reaction [11]. Direct production routes for 85Srg are i) natRb(p,xn)85Sr [12] ii) natRb(d,xn)85Sr [1] and natKr(α,n)85gSr [13]. Alternatively 87Srm, 85Srg can be directly produced by bombarding natural strontium targets with 14 MeV neutrons through 88Sr(n,2n)87Srm, 86Sr(n,2n)85Srm reactions [14] or 15 MeV photons [15].
The cross sections of the ⁸⁸Sr(n,2n)⁸⁷Sr^m, ⁸⁸Sr(n,p)⁸⁸Rb, ⁸⁸Sr(n,α)⁸⁵Kr, ⁸⁶Sr(n,2n)⁸⁵Sr^m, ⁸⁶Sr(n,2n)⁸⁵Sr^g and ⁸⁴Sr(n,2n)⁸³Sr nuclear reactions at 14.77 ± 0.17 MeV neutron energy and the average cross sections of the ⁸⁸Sr(γ,n)⁸⁷Sr^m and ⁸⁶Sr(γ,n)⁸⁵Sr^m nuclear reactions at bremsstrahlung of 15 MeV endpoint energy were measured with the activation method and offline gamma-ray spectroscopy. The measured cross sections were reported with a detailed covariance analysis for uncertainty and correlation coefficients. The experimental results were compared with the previously reported experimental data from the EXFOR database and the evaluated data from the TENDL-2019 library. Statistical model calculations were performed with the latest TALYS-1.95 code with optimised input parameters to better reproduce reported experimental data. The measured cross sections were found to be in good agreement with the literature and theoretical calculations. These results highlight the alternate production routes for the medical radioisotopes of ⁸⁷Sr^m and ⁸⁵Sr^g.
Investigation of activation cross sections for deuteron induced reactions on strontium up to 50 MeV
2017, Applied Radiation and Isotopes
Citation Excerpt :
81Rb is used through the 81Rb/81mKr generator where the short-lived eluent is used for investigation of pulmonary ventilation, or before surgical investigation. In the frame of a systematic study of production routes of diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes we already made a series of measurements on excitation functions for the above mentioned activation products via proton, deuteron, alpha and 3He- particle induced reactions on krypton, rubidium, strontium, yttrium and zirconium targets (Tárkányi et al., 1988a, 1988b, 1990, 2004, 2005, 2015; Qaim et al., 1988, 1994; Kovács et al., 1991a, 1991b, 1992; Fenyvesi et al., 1992; Blessing et al., 1997; Ido et al., 2002a, 2002b; Uddin et al., 2005, 2006, 2007; Spahn et al., 2006). In these works some comparisons of the different production routes are also discussed but recently, new experimental data and reviews were published (Qaim et al., 2001; Hermanne et al., 2001; Filosofov et al., 2010; Betak et al., 2011; Zaneb et al., 2016; Capote et al., 2017) and we hence compare only shortly the production routes of the most widely used isotopes.
Excitation functions were measured for the ^natSr(d,x)^{88,87m,87g,86g,85g}Y, ^{87m,85g,83g,82}Sr, ^{86g,84g,83,82m,81g}Rb reactions by the stacked foil activation technique and high-resolution gamma-spectrometry up to 50 MeV. We present the first experimental activation cross section data for all investigated reactions. Our experimental data are compared with the TALYS code results as available in the TENDL-2015 on-line library. Use of deuteron induced reactions on Sr for production of medical isotopes is discussed.
Excitation functions of deuteron induced reactions on natXe: New data up to 20MeV
2012, Applied Radiation and Isotopes
Citation Excerpt :
The present investigation fits well to our previous investigations on charged particle induced activation products on noble gas targets (Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe) for production of medically relevant radioisotopes, like 11C, 18F, 22Na, 38K, 43K, 75,76,77Br, 81Rb, 82Sr(82Rb), 83Sr, 123,124I and 131Cs, and for completing the experimental database for activation cross-sections of deuteron induced reactions of relevance for accelerator and target technology. In the different publications of our group (ATOMKI) dealing with these results more details of experimental technique and the data evaluation can be found (Fenyvesi et al., 1995, 1997; Hermanne et al., 2011; Hess et al., 2001; Kovács et al., 1991a,b, 1992, 2003a,b; Scholten et al., 2004; Szűcs et al., 1998; Takács et al., 1996; Tárkányi et al., 2009a,b, 1991a,b,c, 1993, 1989, 1992, 1988a,b, 1990; Tárkányi and Qaim, 1989). The excitation function was measured via the activation technique using stacked gas cell targets.
In the frame of a systematic study on the activation cross-section of deuteron induced reactions on different elements, excitation functions on ^natXe were investigated up to 20 MeV. The excitation functions for production of the radionuclides ^{127,129,132,134m,135m,136}Cs, ^{133m,133g,135}Xe, ^126,130gI were measured for the first time in the investigated energy range. Stacked gas cell irradiation technique and γ-ray spectrometry were used. The measured data, completed with the high energy literature experimental data on ¹²³Xe, ^{133,131,124,123}I, were compared with the results of the theoretical model codes.
Study of excitation function of deuteron induced reactions on natKr up to 20MeV
2012, Applied Radiation and Isotopes
Citation Excerpt :
We should mention that the present results fit well to our investigations on charged particle induced activation products on noble gas targets (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) for production of medical radioisotopes, like 11C, 18F, 22Na, 38K,43K, 75,77Br, 81Rb, 82Sr(82Rb), 83Sr, 123I and 131Cs. In the publications dealing with these results more details on experimental technique and the data evaluation can be found (Fenyvesi et al., 1997, 1995; Hermanne et al., 2011; Hess et al., 2001; Kovács et al., 2003a, 1991a, 1991b, 1992, 2003b; Scholten et al., 2004; Szűcs et al., 1998; Takács et al., 1996; Tárkányi et al., 2009a, 2009b, 1991a, 1993, 1989, 1992, 1990, 1988a, 1988b, 1991b, 1991c; Tárkányi and Qaim, 1989). Searching the literature only very few data were found for cross-section measurements on different isotopes of krypton.
In the frame of a systematic study of the activation cross-sections of deuteron induced reactions on different elements, excitation functions on ^natKr were investigated up to 20 MeV. The excitation functions for production of ^{81m,81mg,82g,83,84m,84mg,86mg}Rb, ^79,85m,87Kr and ^77,82Br radionuclides were measured for the first time using stacked gas cell irradiation technique and gamma-ray spectrometry. The measured data were compared with the results of the theoretical model codes.
Yield and purity of 82Sr produced via the natRb(p,xn)82Sr process
2007, Applied Radiation and Isotopes
The recently reported cross-section data for the production of ⁸²Sr via the ^natRb(p,xn)⁸²Sr process were evaluated. For the ^natRb(p,xn)⁸⁵Sr process, cross-sections were measured experimentally over the proton energy range of 25–45 MeV, a region where very few data existed. An evaluation of the recently published data on the formation of ⁸⁵Sr was then also performed. From the recommended data curves, the integral yields of the desired radionuclide ⁸²Sr and the impurity ⁸⁵Sr were calculated. Yields were also determined experimentally over several energy ranges using thick ^natRbCl targets. The experimental and calculated yields were found to be in agreement within 15%. These integral tests add confidence to the evaluated cross-section data. For the production of ⁸²Sr, an incident proton energy of 60 MeV or above is recommended; the ⁸⁵Sr impurity then corresponds to <20%.
Excitation functions of 85Rb(p,xn)85m,g,83,82,81Sr reactions up to 100 MeV: Integral tests of cross section data, comparison of production routes of 83Sr and thick target yield of 82Sr
2002, Applied Radiation and Isotopes
The β⁺ emitter ⁸³Sr (T_1/2=32.4 h, E_β⁺=1.23 MeV, I_β⁺=24%) is a potentially useful radionuclide for therapy planning prior to the use of the β⁻ emitter ⁸⁹Sr (T_1/2=50.5 d). In order to investigate its production possibility, cross section measurements on the ⁸⁵Rb(p,xn)-reactions, leading to the formation of the isotopes ^85m,gSr, ⁸³Sr, ⁸²Sr and ⁸¹Sr, were carried out using the stacked-foil technique. In a few cases, the products were separated via high-performance liquid chromatography. For ⁸²Sr, both γ-ray and X-ray spectrometry were applied; in other cases only γ-ray spectrometry was used. From the measured excitation functions, the expected yields were calculated. For the energy range E_p=37→30 MeV the ⁸³Sr yield amounts to 160 MBq/μA h and the level of the ^85gSr (T_1/2=64.9 d) and ⁸²Sr (T_1/2=25.5 d) impurities to <0.25%. In integral tests involving yield measurements radiostrontium was chemically separated and its radioactivity determined. The experimental production data agreed within 10% with those deduced from the excitation functions. The results of the ⁸⁵Rb(p,3n)⁸³Sr reaction were compared with the data on the production of ⁸³Sr via the ⁸²Kr(³He,2n)-process. In the energy range $E_{^{3}He}$ =18→10 MeV the theoretical yield of ⁸³Sr amounts to 5 MBq/μA h and the ⁸²Sr impurity to about 0.2%. The method of choice for the production of ⁸³Sr is thus the ⁸⁵Rb(p,3n)-process, provided a 40 MeV cyclotron is available. During this study some supplementary information on the yield and purity of ⁸²Sr was also obtained.

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^∗: Permanent address:Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,Debrecen,Hungary.

^†: Author for correspondence.

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International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Abstract

References (8)

Production of ⁸²Sr by proton irradiation of RbCl

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Excitation functions of ³He- and α-particle induced nuclear reactions on natural krypton: production of ⁸²Sr at a compact cyclotron

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Strontium-82 production at Los Alamos National Laboratory

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on ⁸⁵Rb

Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Cited by (22)

Measurements of neutron and photon induced cross sections for the production of medical isotopes of strontium

Investigation of activation cross sections for deuteron induced reactions on strontium up to 50 MeV

Excitation functions of deuteron induced reactions on <sup>nat</sup>Xe: New data up to 20MeV

Study of excitation function of deuteron induced reactions on <sup>nat</sup>Kr up to 20MeV

Yield and purity of <sup>82</sup>Sr produced via the <sup>nat</sup>Rb(p,xn)<sup>82</sup>Sr process

Excitation functions of <sup>85</sup>Rb(p,xn)<sup>85m,g,83,82,81</sup>Sr reactions up to 100 MeV: Integral tests of cross section data, comparison of production routes of <sup>83</sup>Sr and thick target yield of <sup>82</sup>Sr

Excitation functions of high-energy 3He- and alpha-particle induced nuclear reactions on natural krypton with special reference to the production of 82Sr

Abstract

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on 85Rb

Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Excitation functions of high-energy ³He- and alpha-particle induced nuclear reactions on natural krypton with special reference to the production of ⁸²Sr

Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on ⁸⁵Rb