Chemical and physical changes induced in polyvinylidene fluoride by irradiation with high energy ions

https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(85)90414-8Get rights and content

Abstract

Implantation of polymers with high energy ions has recently received attention in view of the reported large changes in electrical conductivity induced by high implantation fluences. We have investigated the effects of ion implantation on films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Ion species such as helium, carbon, oxygen, fluorine, nickel, and arsenic were implanted at energies ranging from 30 keV to 6 MeV and fluences ranging from 1 × 1012 to 1 × 1015 ions cm−2.

Our results show that substantial modification of the polymer occurs even at moderate fluences. By using Rutherford backscattering and helium-induced proton-recoil analyses we have observed large changes in the elemental chemical composition of implanted PVDF. IR and UV-visible analyses show the formation of carbon-carbon double bonds after irradiation. Finally, the analysis of the crystalline structure of implanted PVDF films by means of X-ray diffraction indicates the evolution of the polymer towards a more disordered state. This is supported by a large decrease in peak intensity and rounding of the diffraction peaks. Also observed were shifts in their angular positions, as well as the appearance of new reflections. The above results will be discussed in terms of our present understanding of these complex phenomena.

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