Pion production in 3He-nucleus interactions at 910 MeV

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(83)90145-8

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 393, Issue 3, 7 February 1983, Pages 314-334

https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(83)90145-8 Get rights and content

Abstract

The (³He, π^±X) reaction has been studied at 910 MeV using the ³He⁺⁺ beam of the CERN SC. Complete π⁻ spectra on CH₂, CD₂, ⁹Be, ¹²C, ²⁷Al, Cd and Pb, and π⁺ spectra on CH₂, CD₂ and ¹²C targets have been measured at 0°, up or close to the kinematic limit x_F = 1. The results are compared to various theoretical calculations.

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Pion cross section parameterizations for space radiation codes
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Citation Excerpt :
In the next section, the thermal and Badhwar models are used to predict inclusive pion LIDCS. Fig. 1 shows the negative and positive pion LIDCS for 3He + 12C reactions for 303 A MeV projectiles at a lab angle of 0° [51]. The projectile energy is just above the pion production threshold, where neither the thermal nor the Badhwar models predict the cross sections well.
The space radiation environment consists of energetic particles that originate from the Sun and from sources outside the solar system. It is necessary to understand how these particles interact with materials to design effective radiation shielding. The transport of radiation through materials can be described by the Boltzmann equation. Efficient space radiation transport codes often require parameterized energy-dependent spectral distributions. A recent study showed that pions may contribute considerably to the total dose in galactic cosmic ray environments. Consequently, accurate parameterized pion spectral distributions are needed. In other studies, the Badhwar parameterization has been used for inclusive pion production in high energy nucleon–nucleon and nucleon–nucleus collisions, whereas a thermal model has been used to describe pion production in low energy nuclear collisions. In this paper, the thermal model is parameterized in terms of projectile energy, projectile nucleon number, and target nucleon number. Thermal and Badhwar model predictions of pion spectra from nucleon–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions are compared for projectile energies ranging from 0.3 to 158 A GeV. It is recommended that the thermal model be used for projectile energies between 0.4 and 5 A GeV and the Badhwar model be used for higher projectile energies.
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Angular distributions of the $^{6} Li (π^{+},^{3} He)^{3} He$ differential cross section are presented for incident pion beam energies of 60, 80 and 100 MeV, together with a few values at 140 MeV. The results are compared with previously published data and two theoretical predictions. The 60, 80 and 100 MeV data, and previously published results for 15.4 MeV, were fit to Legendre polynomials. The fitted coefficients, which allow the energy dependence of the total and differential cross sections at a fixed c.m. angle to be determined, are also presented. These coefficients show the increasing importance of higher-order partial-waves with increasing pion energy.
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Inclusive π spectra due to the (¹²C, πX) reaction were measured at 0δ using ¹²C ions of 1032 MeV and ⁶Li, ¹²C, ²⁷A1, Cd and Pb targets, π⁺ measurements were carried out using a ¹²C target. The cross sections show a saturation effect as a function of the target mass. The present results are compared to theoretical predictions of the hard-scattering model and of the statistical model and analysed following the quasi-two-body scaling hypothesis.
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The energy dependence of the ⁶Li(³He, π⁺) ⁹Be_gs reaction at θ_lab = 20° has been studied for Tε_He = 235, 260, 270 and 283 MeV and at 40° and 55° for 235 and 283 MeV. A semiphenomenological model reproduces the shape of the angular distribution and the order of magnitude of the cross section but predicts a too sharp energy variation. Experimental results on ¹⁰B (³He, π⁺) ¹³C_gs at 20°_lab for 260 and 283 MeV are of a similar size.
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^∗: National University of Iran, Eveen, Teheran, Iran.

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Nuclear Physics A

Abstract

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Pion production in <sup>12</sup>c-nucleus interactions at 86 MeV/nucleon

Coherent pion production in <sup>6</sup>Li(<sup>3</sup>He, π<sup>+</sup>) <sup>9</sup>B and <sup>10</sup>B(<sup>3</sup>He, π<sup>+</sup>)<sup>13</sup>C close to threshold

Inclusive (<sup>3</sup>He, π<sup>±</sup>) reactions at 283 MeV