3He particle emission in fast neutron induced reactions

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(83)90634-6

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 410, Issue 3, 5 December 1983, Pages 421-428

https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(83)90634-6 Get rights and content

Abstract

Cross sections for some (n, ³He + dp + n2p) and (n, α + 2n2p + n³He + pt + dd + dnp) reactions induced by fast neutrons produced via breakup of 53 MeV deuterons on a Be target (E_n = 4–50 MeV; I_max at 22.5 MeV; FWHM = 15.8 MeV) were measured for isotopes of the elements I, La, Nd, Tb, Ho, Yb, W and Au by the activation technique using high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy, wherever necessary chemical separation, and in several cases enriched isotopes as targets. Furthermore, $^{3} He α$ emission cross-section ratios were measured for Co, Ag, In, Cs, La, Ta, Au and Bi using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The cross sections decrease as a function of increasing (N−Z)/A of the target nucleus. For target elements with Z ≦ 44, the $^{3} He α$ emission cross-section ratio increases with increasing Z; for elements with Z > 44, however, the trend is reversed. Hauser-Feshbach calculations suggest that the $^{3} He α$ emission cross-section ratios are not explainable by the statistical model.

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Semi-empirical systematics of (n, He-3) cross sections for 14.6MeV neutrons
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Citation Excerpt :
The values and trend reported by Qaim (1974)and Qaim (1978) thus remain till today most authentic, though the data are sparse. As far as the reaction mechanism is concerned, excitation function and fast-neutron averaged measurements and nuclear model calculations have demonstrated that the contribution of the compound nuclear process is small (Qaim, 1980; Qaim, 1986; Qaim, 1983). On the other hand, the unmeasured data are completed by model theory calculation and systematic predictions.
Nuclear data sheets for A = 194
1989, Nuclear Data Sheets
Spectroscopic data for known nuclei of A=194 (Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At) have been evaluated and presented with adopted level properties and associated γ rays. No experimental data exist on ¹⁹⁴Hf and ¹⁹⁴W, but amongst other nuclides in heavy mass region these have been included and nuclear structure calculations by 85Ro21, 85He14, 84Sa16, and 83Ba47. Except for the isotopic identification, nothing much is known about the level structure of ¹⁹⁴Bi, ¹⁹⁴Po, and ¹⁹⁴At.
Since the 1997 evaluation of A=194 (77Ha46), the following are the main additions to the present revision: excited state data are now available for ¹⁹⁴Os through a 2-neutron transfer reaction and for ¹⁹⁴Tl from ¹⁹⁴Pb ɛ decay and (Hl,xnγ) study. New high spin data for ¹⁹⁴Au, ¹⁹⁴Hg, ¹⁹⁴Tl, and ¹⁹⁴Pb from in—beam γ—ray studies reveal band structures. A new isomer is tentatively identified in ¹⁹⁴Bi; its ɛ decay reveals a low lying 0+ state as the first excited state in ¹⁹⁴Pb. From α decay studies, ¹⁹⁴At isotope has been identified.
Further experimental work is needed in the following causes: in a recent neutron capture work on ¹⁹⁴Ir, only about 60 of the 900 reported γ rays can be placed in a level scheme, although a large number of levels are indicated from primary γ rays. The existence of isomerism in ¹⁹⁴Bi remains to be confirmed through a more detailed study of ¹⁹⁴Bi ɛ decay. The radioactive decays of ¹⁹⁴Os (6.0 y), ¹⁹⁴Ir (31.85 ms), and ¹⁹⁴Tl (33.0 min and 32.8 min) need more definitive work. The newly discovered first excited state in ¹⁹⁴Pb with Jπ=0+ has been interpreted as the starting member of a collective band; however, high—spin members of such a band have not yet been found in the (hl,xnγ) studies of ¹⁹⁴Pb.
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3He particle emission in fast neutron induced reactions

Abstract

J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.

Nucl. Phys.

Phys. Med. Biol.

Nucl. Phys.

Z. Phys.

Radiochim. Acta

³He particle emission in fast neutron induced reactions