Study of wear of combustion engines by means of thin layer activation using accelerated charged particles

doi:10.1016/0168-583X(94)95483-6

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

Volume 93, Issue 3, August 1994, Pages 326-329

https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(94)95483-6 Get rights and content

Abstract

The improvement of running-in programs for internal combustion engines by using the thin layer activation technique is presented. The wear was measured as function of time, simultaneously for cylinder walls and piston rings.

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Cited by (6)

Thin Layer Activation analysis in 16O + 169Tm system at low energies
2019, Materials Today: Proceedings
In this paper authors have explored the use of Thin Layer Activation in a material formed by the irradiation of heavy ion beams on the particular target of interest and its further applications from industrial point of view. Activity depth distributions resulting from the irradiation of Thulium-169 by heavy ion Oxygen-16 beams have been calculated. A pre-calibrated high purity germanium detector was used for radioactive counting of samples. The measured cross-sections for different radio-isotopes have been used to deduce the practical yields for several reaction products; ^{182, 181}Ir, ^{182, 181}Os, ^{181, 178}Re, ¹⁷⁵Hf, ¹⁷²Lu from the intensity of characteristic γ-lines at different energies of ¹⁶O beam in the energy range≈ 70-100 MeV employing stacked foil activation technique. Calibration curves obtained from various reaction products have been determined with the help of yield curves. The main purpose of this work is to study the surface wear with increased sensitivity by applying heavy ion in thin layer activation technique.
Activity measurement in Terbium-159 material using heavy ion beams
2019, Materials Today: Proceedings
Experiment has been performed to study the activity produced in the irradiation of Terbium-159 material with Oxygen-16 heavy ion beams using thin layer activation technique. The yields of reaction products ^172,171,170Ta, ^171,170Hf and ^171,170,169Lu populated via various reaction channels have been measured in the Coulomb barrier to the well above it. A pre-calibrated high purity germanium detector has been used for γ-counting of material. The yield curves obtained from the study of intensity of characteristics γ-lines at different energies of heavy ion beam have been further used to determine the calibration curves of the obtained reaction products. An attempt has been made to study surface wear in terbium by applying heavy ion thin layer activation technique with increased sensitivity
Investigation of anti-wear performance of automobile lubricants using thin layer activation analysis technique
2017, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Citation Excerpt :
The conventional techniques such as gravimetric, micrometry, profilography, replica method are used for wear measurements in industry but these techniques have poor accuracy, low sensitivity and cannot be applied in all situations due to non-accessibility. Thin layer activation (TLA) analysis is a highly sensitive nuclear technique used for monitoring wear and corrosion phenomena employing radioactive tracer [1–21]. In this technique gamma emitting radioisotopes are introduced in-situ and distributed in a small area on the surface of interest of an engineering component [4,7,14,18].
An investigation was carried out to examine the anti-wear behavior of automobile lubricants using thin layer activation analysis technique. For this study disc gears made of EN 31 steel were labeled with a small amount of radioactivity by irradiating with 13 MeV proton beam from a particle accelerator. Experiments on wear rate measurement of the gear were carried out by mounting the irradiated disc gear on a twin-disc tribometer under lubricated condition. The activity loss was monitored by using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector integrated with a multichannel analyzer. The relative remnant activity was correlated with thickness loss by generating a calibration curve. The wear measurements were carried out for four different types of lubricants, named as, L1, L2, L3 and L4. At lower load L1 and L4 were found to exhibit better anti-wear properties than L2 and L3, whereas, L4 exhibited the best anti-wear performance behavior than other three lubricants at all the loads and speeds investigated.
Application of the thin layer activation technique to study surface erosion under high voltage electrical spark discharges
2009, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Citation Excerpt :
It has been applied in various high technology areas to measure the loss of materials due to wear, corrosion or erosion caused by mechanical, chemical or electrical/plasma discharge processes, respectively. TLA is very useful to measure the loss of materials from the surface of various components in automobiles [3–7], power plants (nuclear or non-nuclear) [8–10], process industries, oil and petrochemical refineries and in many other areas [1,11]. Various studies [1,2,12] have been carried out using TLA for the improvement of technological performances of machine components in the above areas.
The thin layer activation technique using a heavy ion beam has been applied to measure the erosion loss of materials by electrical spark discharges with a discharge current in the mA range. Since the range of heavy ions such as ¹⁴N, ¹⁶O and ²⁰Ne, is about one order less than that of light ions such as p, d and α, the total activity can be generated within a narrow layer by activation with heavy ions. In the present work, a narrow layer of activity of ∼27 μm thickness was produced in copper-based materials by heavy ion induced nuclear reactions using 110 MeV ¹⁶O ions to measure the surface erosion in the range of hundreds of nanometers to few microns. The sensitivity can be enhanced to tens of nanometers using suitable heavy ions.
Application of thin layer activation technique for surface wear studies in Zr based materials using charged particle induced nuclear reactions
1998, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Thin layer activation (TLA) technique has been developed in Zr based alloy materials, e.g., zircaloy II, using 40 MeV α-particles from Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre at Calcutta. A brief description of the methodology of TLA technique is presented to determine the surface wear. The sensitivity of the measurement of surface wear in zircaloy material is found to be $0.22±0.05 μm$ . The surface wear is determined by TLA technique in zircaloy material which is used in pressurised heavy water reactor and the values have been compared with that obtained by conventional technique for the analytical validation of the TLA technique.
Thin layer activation analysis of 16O induced reactions for surface wear studies in some natural isotopes
2019, Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

Abstract

References (9)

Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot.

Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

Wear

Atom

Cited by (6)

Thin Layer Activation analysis in <sup>16</sup>O + <sup>169</sup>Tm system at low energies

Activity measurement in Terbium-159 material using heavy ion beams

Investigation of anti-wear performance of automobile lubricants using thin layer activation analysis technique

Application of the thin layer activation technique to study surface erosion under high voltage electrical spark discharges

Application of thin layer activation technique for surface wear studies in Zr based materials using charged particle induced nuclear reactions

Thin layer activation analysis of <sup>16</sup>O induced reactions for surface wear studies in some natural isotopes