Mini review
Methods of physical labels - a combined approach to the study of microstructure and dynamics in biological systems

https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-022X(86)90047-3Get rights and content

Abstract

The physical principles of several new approaches to the investigation of biological and model systems are discussed, including versions of the spin label method based on relaxation measurements, and also the methods of triplet, Mössbauer, electron-scattering and radical-pair labels and probes. It is shown that all these methods make it possible (1) to investigate molecular mobility of the medium with the correlation frequencies τc−1 = 10−3 − 1011 s−1, (2) to measure the rate constants of collisions Ktr = 103 − 1010 M−1 s−1, (3) to measure the distance between centers up to 100 Å and finally, (4) to evaluate the immersion depths of paramagnetic and chromophore centers in matrices up to 40 Å. The combined approach is demonstrated with examples from studies of the structure of nitrogenase, the reaction centers of photosynthetic bacteria and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes and from studies of the molecular dynamics of proteins and membranes.

References (71)

  • E.Ya. Alfimova et al.

    Adv. Mol. Relaxation Processes

    (1979)
  • F. Parak et al.

    J. Mol. Biol.

    (1981)
  • T. Horie et al.

    FEBS Lett.

    (1982)
  • V.A. Kuzmin et al.

    Chem. Phys. Lett.

    (1978)
  • V.A. Kuzmin et al.

    Chem. Phys. Lett.

    (1978)
  • L.E. Mortenson et al.
  • H.M. McConnell et al.

    Q. Rev. Biophys.

    (1970)
  • G.I. Likhtensien

    Spin Labeling in Molecular Biology

    (1976)
  • L. Stryer

    Annu. Rev. Biochem.

    (1978)
  • Yu.A. Vladimirov et al.

    Fluorescent Probes in the Investigation of Biologica Membranes

    (1980)
  • A.V. Kulikov et al.

    Biofizika

    (1974)
  • A.V. Kulikov et al.

    Adv. Mol. Relaxation Interact. Processes

    (1977)
  • G.I. Likhtensein et al.
  • A.V. Kulikov et al.

    Zh. Fiz. Khim.

    (1982)
  • A.V. Kulikov et al.

    Theor. Exp. Chem. (U.S.S.R.)

    (1981)
  • E.L. Yudanova et al.

    Biofizika

    (1984)
  • A.V. Kulikov et al.
  • Ya.S. Lebedev et al.

    EPR and Relaxation of Stabilized Radicals

  • A. Kusumi et al.
  • J.S. Hyde et al.

    J. Chem. Phys.

    (1968)
  • N. Sutin
  • E.N. Frolov et al.

    Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR

    (1973)
  • E.N. Frolov et al.
  • O.V. Belonogova et al.

    Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR

    (1978)
  • H. Keller et al.

    Phys. Rev. Lett.

    (1980)
  • G.I. Likhtensein

    Multinuclear Oxidation-Reduction Enzymes

    (1979)
  • C.A. Parker

    Photoluminescence of Solutions

    (1968)
  • V.M. Mekler et al.

    Biofizika

    (1983)
  • R.J. Cherry et al.

    Biochemistry

    (1976)
  • C.H. Moore et al.

    Biochem. Soc. Trans.

    (1979)
  • A. Bürkli et al.

    Biochemistry

    (1981)
  • V.L. Ermolaev et al.

    Nonradiative Energ Transfer of the Electron

    (1977)
  • V.L. Ermolaev et al.

    Usp. Khim.

    (1976)
  • Cited by (0)

    View full text