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Continuous ATP production by spinach thylakoid in a stirred tank reactor

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Abstract

Spinach thylakoid was immobilized by two different methods for the purpose of retention within a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The glutaraldehyde crosslinked albumin polymer method completely inactivated the cyclic ATP photophosphorylation of thylakoid. In contrast, agarose-entrapped thylakoid retained about 17% of the activity of the cyclic photophosphorylation of non-immobilized thylakoid. This activity declined continuously during ATP production in the CSTR. Fifty percent of the initial activity was lost within about 5.5 h. Ascorbate was found to increase the stability of ATP photophosphorylation; about twice as much ATP was produced at the optimal ascorbate concentration of 5 mM. Under the optimal dilution rate of 2.36 h−1, about 60 μmol of ATP per mg chlorophyll were produced in 20 h by agarose-entrapped thylakoid in the CSTR. These results showed that, compared to non-immobilized thylakoid in batch operation, agarose-entrapped thylakoid produced only a low amount of ATP under continuous operation.

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