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An evaluation of six new intrauterine devices

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Advances in Contraception

Abstract

A newer generation of IUDs that includes the Copper T-380A/Ag (TCu-380A/Ag) IUDs and the Multiload Copper-375 (MLCu375) IUDS has been developed and marketed. The high efficacy of these IUDs in preventing accidental pregnancies has been equated to that of oral contraceptives and even sterilization. However, the reduction of two other IUD-related pertinent events, namely, expulsion and medical removal due to bleeding and/or pain, has been less impressive. Therefore, efforts are continuing to develop new IUDs.

In this paper, the authors review the physical structures of six nex IUDs: the CU-SAFE, Cu-Fix, Ombrelle, Fincoid, and Multiload Mark II IUDs, and the intracervical fixing device (ICFD). The clinical performance of the first four devices is also evaluated. Independent, noncomparative studies suggest that all of the four new IUDs may perform as well as, or even better than, the TCu-380A IUD in terms of expulsions and medical removals attributable to bleeding and/or pain. However, we deem these results tentative, and emphasize the need for multi-center, randomized comparative clinical trials with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up.

Resumé

Une nouvelle génération de DIU, comprenant les dispositifs Copper-T-380A/Ag (TCu380A/Ag) et Multiload Copper-375 (MLCu375), a été mise au point et commercialisée. La grande efficacité de ces dispositifs â prévenir des grossesses accidentelles a été jugée égale â celle des contraceptifs oraux et même de la stérilisation. Par contre, la réduction de deux autres inconvénients des dispositifs intra-utérins, â savoir l'expulsion et la nécessité de les retirer pour des raisons médicales telles que les microrragies et/ou les douleurs, n'a pas été aussi évidente. II faura donc poursuivre les efforts pour mettre au point de nouveaux DIU.

Les auteurs de présent article examinent la composition physique de six nouveaux DIU: Cu-SAFE, Cu-Fix, Ombrelle, Fincoid et Multiload Mark II, ainsi que l'élément de fixation intracervicale (ICFD). L'article évalue également les effets cliniques des quatre premiers dispositifs. Indépendamment, des études non comparatives laissent penser que, du point de vue des expulsions et des retraits pour des raisons médicales telles que celles évoquées ci-dessus, les quatre nouveaus dispositifs sont aussi satisfaisants, sinon plus, que le TCu380A. Nous considérons cependant que ces résultats sont provisoires, ce qui souligne la nécessité d'effectuer des essais cliniques comparatifs randomisés dans plusieurs centres sur une population plus nombreuse, en prévoyant un suivi à long terme.

Resumen

Se ha desarrollado y comercializado una nueva generación de DIU, compuesta de los dispositivos Copper T380A/Ag (TCu380A/Ag) y Multiload Copper-375 (MLCu375). La gran eficacia de estos dispositivos en prevenir los embarazos accidentales ha sido considerada como equivalente a la de los anticonceptivos orales e incluso a la de la esterilización. En cambio, la reducción de los otros dos inconvenientes de los dispositivos intrauterinos, es decir, la expulsión y la necesidad de retirarlos por razones médicas como las microrragia y/o el dolor, no ha sido tan evidente. En consecuencia, será necesario proseguir con los esfuerzos por desarrollar nuevos DIU.

Los autores de este artículo examinan la composición física de seis DIU nuevos: Cu-SAFE, Cu-Fix, Ombrelle, Fincoid y Multiload Mark II así como el elemento de fijación intracervical (ICFD). El artículo evalúa igualmente los efectos clínicos de los cuatro primeros dispositivos. Estudios no comparativos independientes sugieren que, desde el punto de vista de las expulsiones y los retiros por razones médicas como microrragia y/o dolor, los cuatro nuevos dispositivos son tan satisfactorios como el TCu380A o incluso más que éste. Sin embargo, consideramos que estos resultados son provisionales y destacamos la necesidad de efectuar ensayos clínicos comparativos aleatorizados en diversos centros con una población más numerosa y un seguimiento de plazo más prolongado.

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This paper was prepared when the principal author was a summer intern with the Clinical Trials Division of Family Health International

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Boateng, J., Chi, I.C. & Jones, D.B. An evaluation of six new intrauterine devices. Adv Contracept 10, 57–70 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01986531

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