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Rare events occurring at insertion of an intrauterine device — a review of an international experience

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Advances in Contraception

Abstract

Events occurringat the time of insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD) are rarely studied, especially for parous women for whom, in theory, IUD contraception is most suitable. These events, although rare, cause personal distress, embarrassment and inconvenience and can have a negative impact on IUD acceptance. Sixty million women worldwide are using IUDs. Thus, even a rare event may have important public health implications. To avoid such occurrences, the risk factors of these rare events need to be delineated. The large international IUD data set compiled by Family Health International (FHI) since 1972 provides a unique opportunity to achieve this purpose. Four IUD insertion-related rare events have been studied, namely: insertion failure, uterine perforation, syncope and other vasovagal reactions, and severe insertional pain. This review paper summarizes the important findings from these as well as other relevant studies. This broad experience should form the basis by which health personnel inserting IUDs can improve the quality of care for women requesting a device for contraception.

Resumé

Les incidents qui se produisent au moment même de la mise en place d'un dispositif intrautérin (DIU) sont rarement étudiés, notamment chez les femmes ayant eu des enfants pour lesquelles, en théorie, la contraception par la méthode des DIU est la plus adaptée. Bien que rares, ces incidents peuvent occasionner personnellement de l'angoisse, de l'embarras ou de la gêne et peuvent avoir une incidence négative sur l'acceptation des DIU. Soixante millions de femmes dans le monde entier utilisent les DIU. Par conséquent, même s'il est rare, un incident peut avoir des répercussions importantes du point de vue de la santé publique. Il y a lieu, afin d'éviter que ces circonstances ne se produisent, de définir les facteurs de risques de ces incidents. L'importante banque internationale des données concernant les DIU regroupées par l'Internationale pour la santé de la famille (FHI) depuis 1972 fournit une occasion unique de réaliser cet objectif. Quatre rares incidents liés à l'insertion, des DIU ont été étudiés, à savoir: les défauts d'insertion, la perforation utérine, la syncope et autres réactions vasovagales, ainsi que de fortes douleurs au moment de la mise en place. Cet article fait un résumé des constations importantes tirées non seulement de ces études mais aussi d'autres études à ce sujet. Cette vaste expérience devrait constituer la base à partir de laquelle le personnel chargé de pratiquer la mise en place des DIU pourrait améliorer la qualité des soins dispensés aux femmes qui demandent la pose d'un dispositif de contraception.

Resumen

Los episodios que ocurren en el momento de la inserción de un dispositivo intrauterino (DIU), particularmente en mujeres paras, son raramente estudiados. Teóricamente, en estas mujeres la anticoncepción con DIU es la más conveniente. Estos episodios, aunque raros, causan molestias personales, confusión e incomodidad y podrían tener impacto negativo en la aceptación del DIU. Sesenta millones de mujeres en el mundo usan DIU, de mode que, aún siendo un episodio infrecuente podría tener implicationes importantes en salud pública. Para evitar que esto ocurra es preciso delinear los factores de riesgo de estos episodios raros. La gran cantidad de datos internacionales sobre DIU compilados por Family Health International (FHI) desde 1972 proporciona una oportunidad única de alcanzar este propósito. Se han estudiado cuatro episodios raros relacionados con la inserción de un DIU. Estos son: falla de inserción, perforación uterina, síncope y otras reacciones vasovagales y dolor severo durante la inserción. Esta revisión resume los hallazgos importantes de este y otros estudios relevantes. Esta amplia experiencia debería formar las bases para que el personal que inserta DIU pueda mejorar el cuidado de mujeres que soliciten un dispositivo para la anticoncepción.

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Chi, Ic., Wilkens, L.R., Siemens, A.J. et al. Rare events occurring at insertion of an intrauterine device — a review of an international experience. Adv Contracept 3, 49–61 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849253

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849253

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