Abstract
Use of IUDs was examined among 962 women whose pregnancy was terminated at the University Hospital of Trondheim, Norway during 1983. Ectopic pregnancy was significantly more often diagnosed among women with an IUD in place at conception compared to non-users (7.8%vs 1.3%,p<0.01). Despite removal of the IUD during the first trimester, women who became pregnant with an IUDin situ had spontaneous abortion more often than non-users (15.6%vs 7.0%,p<0.05). The causal significance of these findings will require further investigation. The small number of ectopic pregnancies subsequent to an IUD contraceptive failure in relation to the number of all pregnancies within the same time frame may explain the lack of a demonstrable link between increasing IUD use and increasing rates of ectopic pregnancy.
Resumé
On a examiné l'utilisation des DIU chez 962 femmes ayant interrompu une grossesse, à l'Hôpital de l'Université de Trondheim (Norvège) en 1983. Le diagnostic de grossesse ectopique était significativement plus fréquent chez les femmes qui portaient un dispositif au moment de la conception, par comparaison avec celles qui n'utilisaient pas cette méthode (7,8% contre 1,3%, soitp<0,01). Malgré le retrait du DIU au cours du premier trimestre, les femmes qui devenaient enceintes alors qu'elles portaient encore le dispositif ont plus souvent eu un avortement spontané que celles qui n'en portaient pas (15,6% contre 7,0%, soitp<0,05). L'explication de la cause de ces constatations appelle un examen plus poussé. Il est possible que le nombre réduit de grossesses ectopiques faisant suite à l'inefficacité d'un DIU utilisé comme contraceptif, comparé au nombre total des grossesses au cours de la même période, explique l'absence de rapport démontrable entre l'utilisation de plus en plus répandue des DIU et l'accroissement des pourcentages de grossesses ectopiques.
Resumen
Se estudió el uso de DIU en 962 mujeres cuyos embarazos terminaron en el Hospital Universitario de Trondheim, Noruega, durante 1983. Con mayor frecuencia de diagnosticaron embarazos ectópicos entre las mujeres con un DIU durante la concepción que entre las no usuarias (7,8%vs 1,3%p<0,01). A pesar de la remoción del DIU en el primer trimestre, las mujeres que se embarazaron con el DIU in situ tuvieron abortos espontáneos con mayor frecuencia que las no usuarias (15,6vs 7,0%p<0,05). Estos hallazgos requiren mas investigación. El escaso numero de embarazos ectópicos a continuación de la falla contraceptiva de un DIU en relación con la cantidad de embarazos en el mismo tiempo, podría explicar la falta de una relación demonstrable entre el aumento de uso de los DIU y el aumento de tasas de embarazos ectópicos.
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Skjeldestad, F.E., Hammervold, R. & Peterson, D.R. Outcomes of pregnancy with an IUDin situ — a population based case — control study. Adv Contracept 4, 265–270 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849267
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849267