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Patterns of resistance of Israeli wild emmer wheat to pathogens I. Predictive method by ecology and allozyme genotypes for powdery mildew and leaf rust

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Abstract

The association of ecological factors and allozyme markers with genotypes of tetraploid wild emmer wheat,Triticum dicoccoides, varying in resistance to four cultures of the pathogenErysiphe graminis tritici, and to one culture ofPuccinia recondita tritici, which incite the diseases powdery mildew and leaf rust respectively, were explored theoretically and practically. The study involved 233 accessions comprising 10 populations representing the ecological range ofT. diococcoides in Israel. Our results indicate that genetic polymorphism for resistance to both pathogens is structured geographically, and is predictable by climatic as well as allozymmc markers. Three variable combinations of water factors and temperature differentials significantly explain 0.27 and 0.14 of the spatial variance for resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust, respectively, suggesting the involvement of natural selection. Several allozyme genotypes, singly, or in combination, are significantly associated with disease resistance. We conclude thatT. dicoccoides populations in Israel, which grow in the center of diversity of the species, contain large amounts of unexploited disease resistant genotypes. The populations could be effectively screened and utilized for producing resistant cultivars by means of ecological factors and allozyme markers as predictive guidelines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel

    E. Nevo & A. Beiles

  2. Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department Agriculture, Plant Genetics anti Germplasm Institute, 20705, Beltsville, MD, USA

    J. G. Moseman

  3. Department of Genetics, Life Science Institute, The Hehrer University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    D. Zohary

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  1. E. Nevo
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  2. J. G. Moseman
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  3. A. Beiles
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  4. D. Zohary
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Nevo, E., Moseman, J.G., Beiles, A. et al. Patterns of resistance of Israeli wild emmer wheat to pathogens I. Predictive method by ecology and allozyme genotypes for powdery mildew and leaf rust. Genetica 67, 209–222 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424492

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424492

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