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Involvement of α2-Adrenoceptors in mechanism of intragastric nicotine protection against ethanol injury in rat stomach

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Abstract

To elucidate the role of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the mechanism of intragastric nicotine protection against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury, the following studies were performed. At 0.5-hr prior to the injury study, rats were pretreated with: subcutaneous control, prazosin (0.5 mg/kg) or yohimbine (5 mg/kg) to block α1- or α2-adrenoceptors; or intraperitoneal control, metoprolol (2 mg/kg) or butoxamine (4 mg/kg) to block β1- or β2-adrenoceptors, respectively. At 1-hr intervals, rats received intragastric vehicle or nicotine (4 mg/kg) and 40% ethanol (10 ml/kg). Total lengths of the linear gastric corpus mucosal lesions were measured by an unbiased observer using a caliper. In a separate study, 0.5-hr after subcutaneous control or yohimbine (5 mg/kg), rats were treated with intragastric vehicle or nicotine (4 mg/kg). One hour later, gastric mucus volume, gastric juice volume and pH, and titratable acid in the gastric juice were measured. In the rat stomach, the intragastric nicotine protection against 40% ethanol-induced mucosal injury was not blocked by selective α1-(prazosin), β1-(metoprolol), or β2-(butoxamine) adrenoceptor antagonists. The protection was significantly reduced although not completely abolished by selective α2-(yohimbine) adrenoceptor antagonist. Yohimbine also significantly reduced basal and nicotine-stimulated increase in gastric mucus volume. These data suggest that α2-adrenoceptors are involved in the protective effect of intragastric nicotine against 40% ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury possibly by a mucus-dependent mechanism.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Medical Services, Sepulveda Veterans Administration Medical Center, Center for Ulcer Research and Education, UCLA School of Medicine, 91343, Los Angeles, CA

    Kazuo Endoh MD, John Kao BS, Margaret Baker BS &  Felix W. Leung MD

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  1. Kazuo Endoh MD
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  2. John Kao BS
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  3. Margaret Baker BS
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  4. Felix W. Leung MD
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Additional information

Supported by Veternas Administration Medical Research Funds, and in part by research grants (0162-01, 02, and 291-01) from the Smokeless Tobacco Research Council, Inc., and by funds (1RT 80) provided by the Cigarette and Tobacco Surtax Fund of the State of California through the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of the University of California to F.W.L. Dr. Endoh is a recipient of the University of California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program Research Fellowship Award (FT 37).

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Endoh, K., Kao, J., Baker, M. et al. Involvement of α2-Adrenoceptors in mechanism of intragastric nicotine protection against ethanol injury in rat stomach. Digest Dis Sci 38, 713–721 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316805

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316805

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