Abstract
Five extraction techniques were used to obtain quantitative measurements of monoterpenes from blue spruce and grand fir needles. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of each monoterpene extracted by using different techniques. For both species, an 8-hr steam distillation of 10 g of material yielded the greatest amount of each monoterpene. This technique was also the most reproducible in that the coefficients of variation were lowest. A rapid steam distillation was relatively effective for grand fir, but not for blue spruce. A CO2 extraction was unreliable for both species.
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Muzika, R.M., Campbell, C.L., Hanover, J.W. et al. Comparison of techniques for extracting volatile compounds from conifer needles. J Chem Ecol 16, 2713–2722 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988080
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988080