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Studies on the formation of lysinomethylalanine and histidinomethylalanine in milk products

Studien zur Bildung von Lysinomethylalanin und Histidinomethylalanin in Milchprodukten

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Zusammenfassung

Aus Reaktionsansätzen bestehend ausN-Acetyldehydroaminobuttersäurenthylester undN α-Acetyl-l-lysin beziehungsweiseN α-Acetyl-l-histidin konnten die Crosslink-AminosäurenN ε-(2-Amino-2-carboxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-l-lysin (Lysinomethylalanin, LMeAL) undN τ-(2′ amino-2-carboxy-2′ -methyl-ethyl)-l-histidin (Histidinomethylalanin, HMeAL) durch präparative Ionenaustauschchromatographie isoliert und anschließend durch 1H-und13C-NMR identifiziert werden. Das Aminosäurechromatogramm zeigte eine eindeutige Trennung beider Aminosäurederivate von anderen basischen Aminosäuren. Dennoch konnten in einer großen Zahl von Säurehydrolysaten der verschiedensten Milchprodukte weder LMeAL noch HMeAL nachgewiesen werden. In Modelluntersuchungen erfolgte die β-Elimination an Threonin im Vergleich zu Serin in einem deutlich geringeren Maße. Die Reaktivität der dabei entstehenden Dehydroaminobuttersäure gegenüber Nucleophilen war mehr als zehnfach geringer als die von Dehydroalanin. Damit kann die Bildung sowohl von LMeAL als auch von HMeAL bei der Verarbeitung von Nahrungsmitteln als vernachlässigbar gering eingeschätzt werden.

Abstract

From reaction mixtures consisting ofN-acetyldehydroaminobutyric acid methyl ester andN α-acetyl-l-lysine orN α-acetyl-l-histidine, respectively, distinct amounts of the cross-link amino acidsN ε-(2-amino-2-carboxy-l-methylethyl)-l-lysine (lysinomethylalanine, LMeAL) andN τ-(2′-amino-2′-carboxy-1′-methyl-ethyl)-l-histidine (histidinomethylalanine, HMeAL) were isolated via preparative ion-exchange chromatography and identified by1H- and13C-nuclear magnetic resonance. In the amino acid chromatogram, both compounds eluted clearly separated from other basic amino acids. However, neither LMeAL nor HMeAL could be detected in numerous acid hydrolysates of a range of milk products. In model studies, threonine showed a significantly lower tendency for an alkali-induced β-elimination reaction compared to serine. The reactivity of the resulting dehydroaminobutyric acid towards nucleophiles was more than tenfold lower as compared to dehydroalanine. Thus, the formation of LMeAL as well as of HMeAL during food processing is negligible.

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Dedicated to Prof. Dr. W. Baltes on the occasion of his 65th birthday

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Walter, A.W., Henle, T., Haeßner, R. et al. Studies on the formation of lysinomethylalanine and histidinomethylalanine in milk products. Z Lebensm Unters Forch 199, 243–247 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01193454

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01193454

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