Summary
A compelling illusion of body rotation and nystagmus can be induced when the horizontally extended arm of a stationary subject is passively rotated about a vertical axis in the shoulder joint.
Lateral nystagmus with the fast phase beating in the opposite direction to the arm movement was found consistently; the mean slow phase velocity increased with increasing actual arm velocity and reached about 15 °/sec; the mean position of the eyes was deviated towards the fast phase as in optokinetic nystagmus, and the nystagmus continued after the cessation of stimulation (arthrokinetic after-nystagmus).
The existence of an arthrokinetic circularvection and nystagmus indicates a convergence of vestibular and somatosensory afferents from joint receptors. It is concluded that information about joint movements plays an important role within the multisensory processes of self-motion perception.
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Research was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Br. 639/1 “Bewegungskrankheit”
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Brandt, T., Büchele, W. & Arnold, F. Arthrokinetic nystagmus and ego-motion sensation. Exp Brain Res 30, 331–338 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00237260
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00237260