Skip to main content
Log in

Accumulation of metals by marine picoplankton

  • Published:
Marine Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The concentration of ten metals by the cultured bluegreen “picoplankter” Synechococcus sp. was investigated using radiotracer methodology in a series of laboratory experiments. Volume/volume concentration factors ranged from not significantly different from zero for Np and Cs to 106 for Sn, Hg, and Pu. As in eukaryotic algae, bioaccumulation of metals in Synechococcus sp. generally conformed with Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Given the ubiquity and abundance of the picoplankton and their high affinity for some metals, it is estimated that picoplankton-based food webs would represent a major route for the movement of particle-reactive metals in marine ecosystems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature cited

  • Angel, M. V.: Detrital organic fluxes through pelagic ecosystems. In: Flows of energy and materials in marine ecosystems, pp 475–516. Ed. by M. J. R. Fasham. New York: Plenum 1984

    Google Scholar 

  • Bienfang, P. K. and M. Takahashi: Ultraplankton growth rates in a subtropical ecosystem. Mar. Biol. 76, 213–218 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruland, K. W.: Oceanographic distributions of cadmium, zinc, nickel, and copper in the North Pacific. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 47, 176–198 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruland, K. W.: Trace elements in sea-water. In: Chemical oceanography, Vol. 8, pp 157–220. Ed. by J. P. Riley and R. Chester. London: Academic Press 1983

    Google Scholar 

  • Buat-Ménard, P.: Fluxes of metals through the atmosphere and oceans. In: Changing metal cycles and human health, pp 43–69. Ed. by J. O. Nriagu. Berlin: Springer-Verlag 1984

    Google Scholar 

  • Buat-Ménard, P., and R. Chesselet: Variable influence of the atmospheric flux on the trace metal chemistry of oceanic suspended matter. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 42, 399–411 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrd, J. T. and M. O. Andreae. Tin and methyltin species in seawater: concentrations and fluxes. Science, N.Y. 218, 565–569 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducklow, H. W.: Production and fate of bacteria in the oceans. BioScience 33, 494–501 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fenchel, T.: Ecology of heterotrophic microflagellates. II. Bioenergetics and growth. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 8, 225–231 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, N. S. and S. W. Fowler: The role of biogenic debris in the vertical transport of transuranic wastes in the sea. In: Oceanic processes in marine pollution, Vol. 2. Ed. by T. P. O'Connor, W. V. Burt and I. W. Duedall. Malibar: R. E. Krieger Publ.

  • Fisher, N. S., F. Azam and J.-L. Teyssié: Accumulation of 113Sn by a marine diatom. In: Speciation of fission and activation products in the environment. CEC and NRPB, Oxford (In press)

  • Fisher, N. S., P. Bjerregaard and S. W. Fowler: Interactions of marine plankton with transuranic elements. 1. Biokinetics of neptunium, plutonium, americium and californium in phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 28, 432–447 (1983a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, N. S., M. Bohé and J.-L., Teyssié: Accumulation and toxicity of Cd, Zn, Ag, and Hg in four marine phytoplankters. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 18, 201–213 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, N. S., K. A. Burns, R. D. Cherry and M. Heyraud: Accumulation and cellular distribution of 241Am, 210Po, and 210Pb in two marine algae. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 11, 233–237 (1983 b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowler, S. W.: Biological transfer and transport processes. In: Pollutant transfer and transport in the sea, Vol. 2, pp 1–65. Ed. by G. Kullenberg, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press 1982

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowler, S. W., S. Ballestra, J. La Rosa, and R. Fukai. Vertical transport of particulate-associated plutonium and americium in the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. 30, 1221–1233 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guillard, R. R. L. and J. H. Ryther: Studies of marine planktonic diatoms I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can. J. Microbiol. 8, 229–239 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardy, E. P., P. W. Krey and H. L. Volchok: Global inventory and distribution of fallout plutonium. Nature, Lond. 241, 444–445 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jickells, T. D., W. G. Deuser and A. H. Knap: The sedimentation rates of trace elements in the Sargasso Sea measured by sediment trap. Deep-Sea Res. 31, 1169–1178 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, P. W. and J. McN Sieburth: Chroococcoid cyanobacteria in the sea: a ubiquitous and diverse phototrophic biomass. Limnol. Oceanogr. 24, 928–935 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, P. W. and J. McN. Sieburth: In-situ morphology and occurrence of eucaryotic photoautotrophs of bacterial size in the picoplankton of estuarine and oceanic waters. J. Phycol. 18, 318–327 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Joint, I. R. and R. K. Pipe: An electron microscope study of a natural population of picoplankton from the Celtic Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 20, 113–118 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Joint, I. R. and A. J. Pomroy: Production of picoplankton and small nanoplankton in the Celtic Sea. Mar. Biol. 77, 19–27 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knauer, G. A., J. H. Martin and R. M. Gordon: Cobalt in northeast Pacific waters. Nature, Lond. 297, 49–51 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Komar, P. D., A. P. Morse, L. F. Small and S. W. Fowler: An analysis of sinking rates of natural copepod and euphausiid fecal pellets. Limnol. Oceanogr. 26, 172–180 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, U. and A. Hägstrom. Fractionated phytoplankton primary production, exudate release and bacterial production in a Baltic eutrophication gradient. Mar. Biol. 67, 57–70 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, W. K. W., D. V. Subba Rao, W. G. Harrison, J. C. Smith, J. J. Cullen, B. Irwin and T. Platt. Autotrophic picoplankton in the tropical ocean. Science, N.Y. 219, 292–295 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowman, F. G., T. R. Rice and F. A. Richards: Accumulation and redistribution of radionuclides by marine organisms In: Radioactivity in the marine environment, pp 161–199. Washington: U.S. National Academy of Sciences 1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. H. and G. A. Knauer: The elemental composition of plankton. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta 37, 1639–1653 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. H. and G. A. Knauer: Managanese cycling in northeast Pacific equatorial waters. J. mar. Res. 40, 1213–1225 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. H., K. W. Bruland and W. W. Broenkow: Cadmium transport in the California current. In: Marine pollutant transfer, pp 159–184. Ed. by H. L. Windom and R. A. Duce. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. H., G. A. Knauer and R. M. Gordon: Silver distributions and fluxes in north-east Pacific waters. Nature, Lond. 305, 306–309 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J.-M. and M. Whitfield: The significance of the river input of chemical elements to the ocean. In: Trace metals in sea water, pp 265–296. Ed. by C. S. Wong, E. Boyle, K. W. Bruland, J. D. Burton and E. D. Goldberg. New York: Plenum 1983

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, L. S. and E. M. Haugen: The distribution and abundance of phototrophic ultraplankton in the North Atlantic. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30, 47–58 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  • Olafsson, J.: Mercury concentrations in the North Atlantic in relation to cadmium, aluminium and oceanographic parameters. In: Trace metals in sea water, pp 475–485. Ed. by C. S. Wong, E. Boyle, K. W. Bruland, J. D. Burton and E. D. Goldberg, New York: Plenum 1983

    Google Scholar 

  • Pentreath, R. J. and B. R. Harvey: The presence of 237Np in the Irish Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 6, 243–247 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  • Platt, T., D. V. Subba Rao and B. Irwin: Photosynthesis of picoplankton in the oligotrophic ocean. Nature, Lond. 301, 702–704 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rassoulzadegan, F. and M. Etienne: Grazing rate of the tintinnid Stenosemella ventricosa (Clap. and Lachm.) Jorg. on the spectrum of the naturally occurring particulate matter from a Mediterranean neritic area. Limnol. Oceanogr. 26, 258–270 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, D. W., P. G. Brewer, A. Fleer, S. Honjo, S. Krishnaswami and Y. Nozaki: Chemical fluxes from a sediment trap experiment in the deep Sargasso Sea. J. mar. Res. 36, 493–523 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, M. and P. K. Bienfang: Size structure of phytoplankton biomass and photosynthesis in subtropical Hawaiian waters. Mar. Biol. 76, 203–211 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  • Waterbury, J. B., S. W. Watson, R. R. L. Guillard and L. E. Brand: Widespread occurrence of a unicellular marine planktonic cyanobacteria. Nature, Lond. 277, 293–294 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J. M. and H.-K. Wang. Microbial resistance to heavy metals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17, 582–590 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Communicated by O. Kinne, Oldendorf.Luhe

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fisher, N.S. Accumulation of metals by marine picoplankton. Mar. Biol. 87, 137–142 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539421

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539421

Keywords

Navigation