Summary
We have compared in two separate studies the kinetics of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in 8 cirrhotic patients with ascites and 8 control subjects after a single 20 min intravenous infusion of 1 g of each drug.
The apparent volumes of distribution (Vz) were found to be significantly higher in cirrhotics than in control subjects (0.87, versus 0.49, l·kg−1, for cefotaxime and 0.23 versus 0.13 for ceftriaxone).
The elimination kinetics of ceftriaxone were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the total and non-renal clearances of cefotaxime were reduced in cirrhotic patients.
The two drugs rapidly entered the ascitic fluid. Peritoneal concentrations of ceftriaxone were higher than 7 µg·ml−1 from the second hour after the infusion and were 8.9 µg·ml−1 at 24 h. Peritoneal concentrations of cefotaxime were higher than 4 µg·ml−1 from 0.5 to 8 h after the infusion.
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Hary, L., Andrejak, M., Leleu, S. et al. The pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 36, 613–616 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00637745
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00637745