Abstract
The temperature oscillation accompanying the photoacoustic effect generates a periodic variation of the vapor pressure of a liquid. The propagation of the oscillating concentration of the vapor in the inert cell gas (air) is described by a mass diffusion wave on which a convective motion of the gas is superposed. The diffusion wave characterized by the diffusion coefficient of the cell gas alone can be measured by the Mirage effect, whereas a microphone detects the total mass flux including the convective flux, which increases with temperature. On approaching the boiling temperature, the convective flow will govern the oscillating transport of mass. The photoacoustic signal is determined directly from the flux of heat and mass at the boundary between liquid and gas using the Gauss' divergence theorem. We have found that the temperature behaviour of the amplitude and phase angle of the photoacoustic signal depends on the length of the gas column in the cell. The contribution of thermal expansion to the photoacoustic signal is considered using the composite piston model. The results of the calculations agree fairly well with the experimental data.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M.E. Mercadier: C.R. Hebd. Sev. Acad. Sci. 92, 409 (1881)
P. Ganguly, T. Somasundaram: Appl. Phys. Lett. 43, 160 (1983)
B. Büchner, P. Korpiun, E. Lüscher, J. Schönherr: J. de Phys. 44, Suppl. C6-85 (1983)
P. Korpiun: Appl. Phys. Lett. 44, 675 (1984)
P. Korpiun, W. Herrmann, A. Kindermann, M. Rothmeyer, B. Büchner: Can. J. Phys. 64, 1042 (1986)
P. Korpiun, W. Herrmann, R. Osiander: Z. Naturforsch. 42a, 922 (1987)
P. Korpiun, W. Herrmann, R. Osiander: In Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, ed. by P. Hess, J. Pelzl, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1988) p. 325
J. Srinivasan, R. Kumar, K.S. Gandhi: Appl. Phys. B 43, 35 (1987)
P. Ganguly, T. Somasundaram: In Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, ed. by P. Hess, J. Pelzl, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1988) p. 316
F. Lepoutre, G. Rousset, V. Plichon, N. Rollat: In Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, ed. by P. Hess, J. Pelzl, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1988) p. 187
N. Rollat: Thesis, Université de Paris, 1988
A.C. Tam, Y.H. Wong: Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 471 (1980)
P. Korpiun, B. Büchner: Appl. Phys. B 30, 121 (1983)
F.A. McDonald, G.C. Wetsel, Jr.: J. Appl. Phys. 49, 2313 (1978)
A. Rosencwaig, A. Gersho: J. Appl. Phys. 47, 64 (1976)
P. Korpiun, F. Lepoutre, H. Schmitt, R. Osiander: In Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena II, ed. by J.C. Murphy, J.W. MacLachlan Spicer, L.C. Aamodt, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1990) p. 351
D.K. Edwards, V.E. Denny, A.F. Milles. Transfer Processes (Hemisphere, Washington 1979) p. 344; J.R. Welty: Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer (Wiley, New York 1976) Chap. 4
A. Luikov: Heat and Mass Transfer (Mir, Moscow 1980) Chap. 3.1
J.G. Collier: Convective Boiling and Condensation (McGraw-Hill, New York 1972) Chap. 10.3.4
F. Lepoutre: J. de Phys. 44, Suppl. C6-3 (1983)
P. Poulet, J. Chambron, R. Unterreiner: J. Appl. Phys. 51, 1738 (1980)
Landolt-Börnstein: Eigenschaften der Materie in ihren Aggregatzuständen, ed. by K. Schäfer, E. Lax (Springer, Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg 1961) Vol. 2, parts 2a and 4; K. Schäfer ed. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1968) Vol. 2, parts 5a and 5b
N.B. Vargaftk: Handbook of Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases (Hemisphere, Washington 1983)
Y.S. Touloukian, C.Y. Ho. Thermodynamical Properties of Matter (Plenum, New York 1976) Suppl. to Vol. 6