Abstract
Energy metabolism in kaolin-induced hydrocephalic rat brain was assessed by means of 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and measurement of the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as its isoenzyme patterns. Decreases in beta-adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine were observed in hydrocephalic rat brains. While the intracellular pH was decreased at 2 to 4 weeks, it showed some recovery 6 weeks after injection of kaolin. The activity of LDH increased in the hydrocephalic state, and its isoenzyme-pattern changes were as follows: the LDH5 fraction was predominant in 1-week to 4-week rats while the LDH4 fraction was predominant in 4-week rat brains, and at 6-weeks, the LDH4 and LDH5 fractions were decreased. These data from rat brains with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus indicate that anaerobic glycolysis is the primary pathway of energy metabolism in the acute hydrocephalic state, while in the chronic state the emphasis shifts to aerobic glycolysis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
Brut CT, Cohen SM, Baarany M (1979) Analysis of intact tissue with 31P NMR. Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng 8:1–25
Chance B, Eleff S, Leigh JS (1980) Noninvasive, nondestructive approaches to cell bioenergetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:7430–7434
Chopp M, Frinak S, Walton DR, Smith MB, Welch KMA (1987) Intracellular acidosis during and after cerebral ischemia: in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance study of hyperglycemia in cats. Stroke 18:919–923
Engelke S, Bridgers S, Saldanha RL, Trought WS (1986) Cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase in neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Med Sci 291:391–395
Haselgrove JC, Subramanian HV, Leigh JS, Gyulai L, Chance B (1983) In vivo one-dimensional imaging of phosphorus metabolites by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance. Science 220:1170–1173
Haselgrove JC, Eleff S, Leigh JS, Gyulai L, Bolinger L, Subramanian HV, Chance B (1985) Continuous noninvasive organ biochemistry and NMR imaging of brain. In: Sokoloff L (ed) Brain imaging and brain function. Raven Press, New York, pp 271–284
Higashi K, Asahisa H, Ueda N, Kobayashi K, Hara K, Noda Y (1986) Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in experimental hydrocephalus. Neurol Res 8:169–176
Horikawa Y, Naruse S, Hirakawa K, Tanaka C, Nishikawa H, Watari H (1985) In vivo studies of energy metabolism in experimental cerebral ischemia using topical magnetic resonance. Changes in 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra compared with electroencephalograms and regional cerebral blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 5:235–240
Nelson PV, Carey WF, Pollard AC (1975) Diagnostic significance and source of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in cerebrospinal fluid of children with a variety of neurological disorders. J Clin Pathol 28:828–833
Okuda M, Muneyuki M, Nakashima K, Sogabe T, Miura I (1987) In vivo 31P-NMR studies on energy metabolism in and catecholamine effect on rat liver during hypovolemic shock. Biochem Int 15:1089–1095
Prichard JW, Alger JR, Behar KL, Petroff OAC, Shulman RG (1983) Cerebral metabolic studies in vivo 31P NMR. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:2748–2751
Richards HK, Bucknall RM, Jones HC, Pickard JD (1989) The uptake of [14C]deoxyglucose into brain of young rats with inherited hydrocephalus. Exp Neurol 103:194–198
Rubin RC, Hochwald GH, Tiell M, Mizutani H, Ghatak N (1976) Hydrocephalus. I. Histological and ultrastructural changes in the pre-shunted cortical mantle. Surg Neurol 5:109–114
Siesjo BK, Zwetnow N (1970) Effects of increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure upon adenine nucleotides and upon lactate and pyruvate in rat brain tissue. Acta Neurol Scand 46:187–202
Sogabe T, Matsumae M, Sato O, Miura I (1989) Change in glucose metabolism with time in hydrocephalic rats. Biochem Int 19:513–518
Tietz NW (1986) Textbook of clinical chemistry. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 691–698
Van Der Helm HJ, Zondag HA, Klein F (1963) On the source of lactic dehydrogenase in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Chim Acta 8:193–196
Wakao N (1983) Local cerebral glucose utilization on kaolin induced hydrocephalus of rats by [14C] deoxyglucose method (in Japanese).Brain Nerve 35:693–701
Weller RO, Wisniewski H, Shulman K, Terry RD (1971) Experimental hydrocephalus in young dog: histological and ultrastructural study of the brain tissue damage. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 30:613–626
Wroblewski F, Ladue JS (1955) Lactic dehydrogenase activity in blood. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 90:210–213
Zwetnow NN (1970) Effects of increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure on the blood flow and on the energy metabolism of the brain. An experimental study. Acta Physiol Scand 339 [Suppl]: 1–31
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Matsumae, M., Sogabe, T., Miura, I. et al. Energy metabolism in kaolin-induced hydrocephalic rat brain. Child's Nerv Syst 6, 392–396 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00302225
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00302225