Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Differential expression of glial- and neuronal-associated antigens in human tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system

  • Review
  • Published:
Acta Neuropathologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The immunoreactivity of a panel of poly-and monoclonal antibodies raised against different glial and neuronal antigens was investigated in paraffin-embedded specimens of 116 human tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. We used antibodies against the HNK-1 epitope, which is shared between natural killer cells and the nervous system, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, neurofilaments, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MEP). HNK-1 immunoreactivity was detectable in nearly all neuroectodermal tumors. Especially in those derived from the neuroepithelium, which include the various types of gliomas, we observed a strong staining with this antibody. The only exceptions were the choroid plexus papillomas and individual ependymomas. In tumors derived from the neural crest HNK-1 reactivity was more variable and less intense. In other tumors of the nervous system HNK-1 was not detectable, except for two out of four malignant lymphomas. In addition to its reactivity with human lymphocytes HNK-1, therefore, seems to be a useful ‘marker’ for neurogenic tumors in general. GFAP expression was prominent in all astrocytomas and the astrocytic cells within mixed gliomas and gangliogliomas. Immunoreactivity was more variable in glioblastomas and ependymomas, while only isolated GFAP-positive cells were present in oligodendrogliomas, medulloblastomas, one plexus papilloma, and some neurinomas. Vimentin immunoreactivity was found in tumor cells of nearly all tumors of the central nervous system with the exception of oligodendrogliomas, most plexus papillomas, neuronal tumors and most medulloblastomas. Meningeomas, neurinomas and malignant melanomas were always strongly vimentin positive. Besides the tumor cells the vimentin antibody usually stained vascular elements within each tumor. Sarcomatous components in glioblastomas and desmoplastic areas in medulloblastomas were also labeled. Neurofilament expression was restricted to neuronal tumor cells in two gangliogliomas and to individual tumor cells in one medulloblastoma. The NSE antiserum showed more widespread and sometimes diffuse reactivity and, therefore, seems to be less valuable as an indicator for neuronal differentiation than neurofilaments. S-100 expression was demonstrable in numerous tumors including most gliomas and all tumors derived from the neural crest. MBP antibodies never showed reactivity with oligodendroglioma or neurinoma tumor cells. This antibody labeled only myelin sheaths and their remnants within these tumors. Based upon our results we can conclude that, despite the fact that most of the investigated antigens showed a widespread distribution among different tumors, each of them and especially their differential expression might be useful in the classification and differential diagnosis of human tumors of the nervous system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abo T, Balch CM (1981) A differentiation antigen of human NK and K cells identified by a monoclonal antibody (HNK-1). J Immunol 127:1024–1029

    Google Scholar 

  • Achtstätter T, Moll R, Anderson A, Kuhn C, Pitz S, Schwechheimer K, Franke WW (1986) Expression of glial filament protein (GFP) in nerve sheaths and non-neural cells re-examined using monoclonal antibodies, with special emphasis on the co-expression of GFP and cytokeratins in epithelial cells of human salivary gland and pleomorphic adenomas. Differentiation 31:206–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmannsberger M, Osborn M, Schauer A, Weber K (1981) Antibodies to different intermediate filament proteins. —Cell type-specific markers on paraffin-embedded human tissues. Lab Invest 45:427–434

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnard RO, Pambakian H (1980) Astrocytic differentiation in medulloblastoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 43: 1041–1044

    Google Scholar 

  • Bigner DD, Bigner SH, Pontén J (1981) Heterogeneity of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of fifteen permanent cell lines derived from human gliomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 40:201–229

    Google Scholar 

  • Bignami A, Eng LF, Dahl D, Uyeda CT (1972) Localization of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes by immunofluorescence. Brain Res 43:429–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Bock E (1978) Nervous system specific proteins. J Neurochem 30:7–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Budka H, Majdic O (1985) Shared antigenic determinants between human hematopoetic cells and nervous tissues and tumors. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 67:58–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunn PA, Linnoila I, Minna JD, Carney D, Gazdar AF (1985) Small cell lung cancer, endocrine cells of the fetal bronchus, and other neuroendocrine cells express the Leu-7 antigenic determinant present on natural killer cells. Blood 65:764–768

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger PC, Vogel FS (1982) Surgical pathology of the nervous system and its coverings. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 242–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Caillaud JM, Benjelloun S, Bosq J, Braham K, Lipinski M (1984) HNK-1-defined antigen detected in paraffin-embedded neuroectodermal tumors and those derived from cells of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation system. Cancer Res 44:4432–4439

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrel S, de Tribolet N, Groos N (1982) Expression of HLA-DR and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigens on glioma cells. Eur J Immunol 12:354–357

    Google Scholar 

  • Caselitz J, Jänner M, Breitbart E, Weber K, Osborn M (1983) Malignant melanomas contain only the vimentin type of intermediate filaments. Virchows Arch [A] 400:43–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Chiu FC, Norton WT, Fields KL (1981) The cytoskeleton of primary astrocytes in culture contains actin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and the fibroblast-type filament protein, vimentin. J Neurochem 37:147–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi BH (1986) Myelin-forming oligodendrocytes of developing mouse spinal cord: immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 45:513–524

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi BH, Kim RC (1984) Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in immature oligodendroglia. Science 223:407–409

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi BH, Kim RC (1985) Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein by immature oligodendroglia and its implications. J Neuroimmunol 8:215–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou KH, Ilyas AA, Evans JE, Quarles RH, Jungalwala FB (1985) Structure of a glycolipid reacting with monoclonal IgM in neuropathy and with HNK-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 128:383–388

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark HB, Santa Cruz D, Hartman BK, Moore BW (1982) S-100 protein, an immunohistochemical marker for malignant melanomas and other melanocytic lesions. Lab Invest 46:13a [abstr]

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark HB, Miesky JJ, Agrawal HC (1985) Myelin basic protein and P2 protein are not immunohistochemical markers for Schwann cell neoplasms. A comparative study using antisera to S-100, P2 and myelin basic proteins. Am J Pathol 121:96–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole SPC, Mirski S, McGarry RC, Cheng R, Campling BG, Roder JC (1985) Differential expression of the Leu-7 antigen on human lung tumor cells. Cancer Res 45:4285–4290

    Google Scholar 

  • Coons AH, Creech HJ, Jones N, Berliner E (1942) The demonstration of pneumoccocal antigen in tissues by the use of fluorescent antibody. J Immunol 45:159–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl D, Chi NH, Miles LE, Nguyen BT, Bignami A (1982) Glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein in Schwann cells: fact or artifact? J Histochem Cytochem 30:912–918

    Google Scholar 

  • DeArmond SJ, Eng LF, Rubinstein LJ (1980) The application of glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein immunohistochemistry in neurooncology: a progress report. Pathol Res Pract 168:374–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Deck JHN, Eng LF, Bigbee J, Woodcock SM (1978) The role of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the diagnosis of central nervous system tumors. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 42:183–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Doberson MJ, Gascon P, Trost S, Hammer JA, Goodman S, Noronha AB, O'Shannessy DJ, Brady RO, Quarles RH (1985) Murine monoclonal antibodies to the myelin-associated glycoprotein react with large granular lymphocytes of human blood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:552–555

    Google Scholar 

  • Dohan FC, Kornblith PL, Wellum GR, Pfeiffer SE, Levine L (1977) S-100 protein and 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase in human brain tumors. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 40:123–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffy PE, Graf L (1977) Identification of glial fibrillary acidic protein by the immunoperoxidase method in human brain tumors. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 4:645–652

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffy PE, Graf L, Huang YY, Rapport MM (1979) Glial fibrillary acidic protein in ependymomas and other brain tumors. J Neurol Sci 40:133–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Eng LF, Rubinstein LJ (1978) Contribution of immunohistochemistry to diagnostic problems of human cerebral tumors. J Histochem Cytochem 26:513–522

    Google Scholar 

  • Eng LF, Vanderhaeghen JJ, Bignami A, Gerstl B (1971) An acidic protein isolated from fibrous astrocytes. Brain Res 28:351–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Franke WW, Schmid E, Osborn M, Weber K (1978) Different intermediate-sized filaments distinguished by immunofluorescence microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5034–5038

    Google Scholar 

  • Friede RL, Pollak A (1978) The cytogenic basis for classifying ependymomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 37:103–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabbiani G, Kapanci Y, Barazzone P, Franke WW (1981) Immunochemical identification of intermediate-sized filaments in human neoplastic cells. Am J Pathol 104:206–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Garson JA, Beverley PCL, Coakham HB, Harper EI (1982) Monoclonal antibodies against T lymphocytes label Purkinje neurones of many species. Nature 298:375–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould VE, Moll R, Moll I, Lee I, Schwechheimer K, Franke WW (1986) The intermediate filament complement of the spectrum of nerve sheath neoplasms. Lab Invest 55:463–475

    Google Scholar 

  • Guesdon JL, Ternyck T, Avrameas S (1979) The use of avidinbiotin interaction in immunoenzymatic techniques. J Histochem Cytochem 27:1131–1139

    Google Scholar 

  • Haglid K, Carlsson CA, Stavrou D (1973) An immunological study of human brain tumors concerning the brain specific proteins S-100 and 14.3.2. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 24:187–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Halliday WC, Yeger H, Duwe GF, Phillips MJ (1985) Intermediate filaments in meningeomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 44:617–623

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper JR, Varki NM, Minden P, Kelleher PJ, Reisfeld RA (1984) Characterization of a secreted neuroectodermal antigen associated with sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 25:274 [abstr]

    Google Scholar 

  • Hart MN, Earle KM (1973) Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the brain in children. Cancer 32:890–897

    Google Scholar 

  • Hauser SL, Bhan AK, Gilles FH, Hoban CJ, Reinherz EL, Schlossman SF, Weiner HL (1983) Immunohistochemical staining of human brain with monoclonal antibodies that identify lymphocytes, monocytes, and the Ia antigen. J Neuroimmunol 5:197–205

    Google Scholar 

  • Herpers MJHM, Budka H (1984) Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in oligodendroglial tumors: gliofibrillary oligodendroglioma and transitional oligoastrocytoma as subtypes of oligodendroglioma. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 64:265–272

    Google Scholar 

  • Herpers MJHM, Budka H (1985) Primitive neuroectodermal tumors including the medulloblastomas: glial differentiation signaled by immunoreactivity for GFAP is restricted to the pure desmoplastic medulloblastoma (“arachnoidal sarcoma of the cerebellum”). Clin Neuropathol 4:12–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Herpers MJHM, Ramaekers FCS, Aldeweireldt J, Moesker O, Slooff J (1986) Co-expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein-and vimentin-type intermediate filaments in human astrocytomas. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 70:333–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu SM, Raine L, Fanger H (1981) The use of anti-avidin antibody and avidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex in immunoperoxidase techniques. Am J Clin Pathol 75:816–821

    Google Scholar 

  • Jessen KR, Thorpe R, Mirski R (1984) Molecular identity, distribution and heterogeneity of glial fibrillary acidic protein: an immunoblotting and immunohistochemical study of Schwann cells, satellite cells, enteric glia and astrocytes. J Neurocytol 13:187–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn HJ, Marks A, Thom H, Baumal R (1983) Role of antibody to S-100 protein in diagnostic pathology. Am J Clin Pathol 79:341–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Kartenbeck J, Schwechheimer K, Moll R, Franke WW (1984) Attachment of vimentin filaments to desmosomal plaques in human meningeomal cells and arachnoidal tissue. J Cell Biol 98:1072–1081

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemshead JT, Bicknell D, Greaves MF (1981) A monoclonal antibody detecting an antigen shared by neural and granulocytic cells. Pediatr Res 15:1282–1286

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimura T, Budka H, Soler-Federsppiel S (1986) An immunocytochemical comparison of the glia-associated proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein (S100P) in human brain tumors. Clin Neuropathol 5:21–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler G, Milstein C (1975) Continuous culture of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specifity. Nature 256:495–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Krajewski S, Schwendemann G, Weizsäcker M, Wechsler W, de Tribolet N (1986) Binding specificity of two monoclonal antiglioma antibodies: immunocytochemical study using a new tissue embedding technique. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 69:124–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruse J, Mailhammer R, Wernecke H, Faissner A, Sommer I, Goridis C, Schachner M (1984) Neural cell adhesion molecules and myelin-associated glycoprotein share a common carbohydrate moiety recognized by monoclonal antibodies L2 and HNK-1. Nature 311:153–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruse J, Keilhauer G, Timpl R, Schachner M (1985) The J1 glycoprotein — a novel nervous system cell adhesion molecule of the L2/HNK-1 family. Nature 316:146–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Kubagawa H, Abo T, Balch CM, Cooper MD (1983) Biochemical analysis of antigenic determinants recognized on human natural killer cells by HNK-1 (Leu-7) antibody. Fed Proc 42:1219 [abstr]

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumanishi T, Washiyama M, Watabe K, Sekiguchi (1985) Glial fibrillary acidic protein in medulloblastomas. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 67:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehto VP, Stenman S, Miettinen M, Dahl D, Virtanen I (1983) Expression of a neural type of intermediate filaments as a distinguishing feature between oat cell carcinoma and other lung cancers. Am J Pathol 110:113–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Liem RKH, Yen SH, Salomon GD, Shelanski ML (1978) Intermediate filaments in nervous tissues. J Cell Biol 79:637–645

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipinski M, Braham K, Caillaud JM, Carlu C, Tursz T (1983) HNK-1 antibody detects an antigen expressed on neuroectodermal cells. J Exp Med 158:1775–1780

    Google Scholar 

  • Mannoji H, Takeshita I, Fukui M, Ohta M, Kitamura K (1981) Glial fibrillary acidic protein in medulloblastoma. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 55:63–69

    Google Scholar 

  • McComb RD, Bigner DD (1984) The biology of malignant gliomas — a comprehensive survey. Clin Neuropathol 3:93–106

    Google Scholar 

  • McGarry RC, Helfand SL, Quarles RH, Roder JC (1983) Recognition of myelin-associated glycoprotein by the monoclonal antibody HNK-1. Nature 306:376–378

    Google Scholar 

  • Memoli VA, Brown EF, Gould VE (1984) Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity in peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ultrastruct Pathol 7:269–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Meneses ACO, Kepes JJ, Sternberger NA (1982) Astrocytic differentiation of neoplastic oligodendrocytes. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 41:368 [abstr]

    Google Scholar 

  • Miettinen M, Lehto VP, Virtanen I (1984) Antibodies to intermediate filament proteins in the diagnosis and classification of human tumors. Ultrastruct Pathol 7:83–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore BW (1965) A soluble protein characteristic of the nervous system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 19:739–744

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore BW, Perez VJ (1968) Specific acidic proteins of the nervous system. In: Carlson FD (ed) Physiological and biochemical aspects of nervous integration. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, pp 343–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Motoi M, Yoshino T, Hayashi K, Nose S, Horie Y, Ogawa K (1985) Immunohistochemical studies on human brain tumors using anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody in paraffinembedded specimens. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 66:75–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukai M, Torikata C, Iri H, Morikawa Y, Shimizu K, Shimoda T, Nukina N, Ihara Y, Kageyama K (1985) Expression of neurofilament triplet proteins in human neural tumors. Am J Pathol 122:28–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray N, Steck AJ (1984) Indication of a possible role in a demyelinating neuropathy for an antigen shared between myelin and NK cells. Lancet I:711–713

    Google Scholar 

  • Natali PG, de Martino C, Quaranta V, Nicotra MR, Frezza F, Pelegrino MA, Ferrone S (1981) Expression of Ia-like antigen in normal human nonlymphoid tissues. Transplantation 31:75–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Nobile-Orazio E, Hays AP, Latov N, Perman G, Golier J, Shy ME, Freddo L (1984) Specificity of mouse and human monoclonal antibodies to myelin-associated glycoprotein. Neurology 34:1336–1342

    Google Scholar 

  • Noronha AB, Harper JR, Ilyas AA, Reisfeld RA, Quarles RH (1986) Myelin-associated glycoprotein shares an antigenic determinant with a glycoprotein of human melanoma cells. J Neurochem 47:1558–1565

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa H, Sato Y, Takeshita I, Tateishi J, Kitamura K (1985) Transient expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in developing oligodendrocytes in vitro. Dev Brain Res 18:133–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Osborn M, Weber K (1983) Biology of disease. Tumor diagnosis by intermediate filament typing: a novel tool for surgical pathology. Lab Invest 48:372–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Osborn M, Ludwig-Festl M, Weber K, Bignami A, Dahl D, Bayreuther K (1981) Expression of glial and vimentin type intermediate filaments in cultures derived from human glial material. Differentiation 19:161–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Osborn M, Altmannsberger M, Shaw G, Schauer A, Weber K (1982a) Various sympathetic derived human tumors differ in neurofilament expression. Virchows Arch [B] 40:141–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Osborn M, Geisler N, Shaw G, Sharp G, Weber K (1982b) Intermediate filaments. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 46:413–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer JO, Kasselberg AG, Netsky MG (1981) Differentiation of medulloblastoma. Studies including immunohistochemical localisation of glial fibrillary acidic protein. J Neurosurg 55:161–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Pasquier B, Lachard A, Pasquier D, Condere P, Delpech B, Courel MN (1983) Protéine gliofibrillaire acide (GFA) et tumeurs nerveuses centrales. Etude Immunohistochimique d'une série de 207 cas. IIe partie: Médulloblastomes. Hémangioblastomes. Autres tumeurs. Discussion. Ann Pathol 3:203–211

    Google Scholar 

  • Perentes E, Rubinstein LJ (1985) Immunohistochemical recognition of human nerve sheath tumors by anti-Leu-7 (HNK-1) monoclonal antibody. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 68:319–324

    Google Scholar 

  • Perentes E, Rubinstein LJ (1986a) Immunohistochemical recognition of human neuroepithelial tumors by anti-Leu-7 (HNK-1) monoclonal antibody. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 69:227–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Perentes E, Rubinstein LJ (1986b) Non-specific binding of mouse myeloma IgM immunoglobulins by human myelin sheath and astrocytes. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 70:284–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Poppema S, Bhan AK, Reinherz EL, McCluskay R, Schlossmann SF (1981) Distribution of T-cell subsets in human lymph nodes. J Exp Med 153:30–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Quarles RH (1984) Myelin-associated glycoprotein in development and disease. Dev Neurosci 6:285–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramaekers FCS, Puts JJG, Kant A, Moesker O, Jap PHK, Vooijs GP (1982) Use of antibodies to intermediate filaments in the characterization of human tumors. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 46:331–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Reifenberger G, Mai JK, Krajewski S, Wechsler W (1987) Distribution of anti-Leu-11a and anti-Leu-M1 immunoreactivity in the brain of adult rats. Cell Tissue Res 248:305–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Roessmann U, Velasco ME, Gambetti P, Autilio-Gambetti L (1983) Neuronal and astrocytic differentiation in human neuroepithelial neoplasms. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 42:113–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Royds JA, Ironside JW, Taylor CB, Graham DI, Timperley WR (1986) An immunohistochemical study of glial and neuronal markers in primary neoplasms of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 70:320–326

    Google Scholar 

  • rubinstein LJ, Brucher JM (1981) Focal ependymal differentiation in choroid plexus papillomas. An immunoperoxidase study. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 53:29–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Russel DS, Rubinstein LJ (1977) Pathology of tumors of the nervous system, 4th edn. Arnold, London, pp 146–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Rusthoven JJ, Robinson JB, Kolin A, Pinkerton PH (1985) The natural killer cell-associated HNK-1 (Leu 7) antibody reacts with hypertrophic and malignant prostatic epithelium. Cancer 56:289–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Sato S, Baba H, Tanaka M, Yanagissawa K, Miyatake T (1983) Antigenic determinant shared between myelin-associated glycoprotein from human brain and natural killer cells. Biomed Res 4:489–494

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer D, Giordana MT, Mauro A, Migheli A, Germano I, Giaccone G (1986) Immunohistochemical demonstration of vimentin in human cerebral tumors. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 70:209–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnitzer J, Franke WW, Schachner M (1981) Immunocytochemical demonstration of vimentin in astrocytes and ependymal cells of developing and adult mouse nervous system. J Cell Biol 90:435–447

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuller-Petrovic S, Gebhardt W, Lassmann H, Rumpold H, Kraft D (1983) A shared antigenic determinant between natural killer cells and nervous tissue. Nature 306:179–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwechheimer K, Kartenbeck J, Moll R, Franke WW (1984) Vimentin filament-desmosome cytoskeleton of diverse types of human meningeomas. A distinctive diagnostic feature. Lab Invest 51:584–591

    Google Scholar 

  • Seeger R, Danon YL, Rayner SA, Hoover F (1982) Definition of a Thy-1 determinant on human neuroblastoma, glioma, sarcoma, and teratoma cells with a monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 128:983–989

    Google Scholar 

  • Shelanski ML, Liem RKH (1979) Neurofilaments. J Neurochem 33:5–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolle J, Konrad K, Kerl H (1985) Granular cell tumors contain myelin-associated glycoprotein. An immunohistochemical study using Leu 7 monoclonal antibody. Virchows Arch [A] 406:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonneland PRL, Scheithauer BW, Onofrio BM (1985) Myxopapillary ependymoma: a clinicopathologic and immunocytochemical study of 77 cases. Cancer 56:883–893

    Google Scholar 

  • Stefansson K, Wollmann R, Jerkovic M (1982) S-100 protein in soft-tissue tumors derived from Schwann cells and melanocytes. Am J Pathol 106:261–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberger LA (1979) Immunocytochemistry, 2nd edn. J. Wiley and Sons, New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto, pp 104–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberger LA, Hardy PH, Cuculis JJ, Mayer HG (1970) The unlabeled antibody enzyme method for immunohistochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem 18:315–333

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoll G, Schwendeman G, Heininger K, Steck AJ, Toyka KV (1985) Human monoclonal anti-MAG antibody and anti-Leu-7 recognize shared antigenic determinants in peripheral nerve and spinal cord. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 48:635–638

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymaś J (1985) Eslimation of diagnostic value of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in ependymomas. Neuropathol Pol 23:37–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymaś J, Wajgt A (1985) Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) in oligodendrogliomas. An immunohistochemical study. Neuropathol Pol 23:239–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymaś J, Morkowski S, Wajgt A (1984) Der Nachweis von saurem Gliafaserprotein, myelingebundenem Glykoprotein und Vimentin in menschlichen Hirntumoren. Zentralbl Allg Pathol Pathol Anat 129:169–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymaś J, Reifenberger G, Wechsler W (1987) Leu-M1 immunoreactivity in the human brain: discrimination between different tumors and between neoplastic and brain tissue. Naturwissenschaften 74:188–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabuchi K, Moriya Y, Furuta T, Ohnishi R, Nishimoto A (1982) S-100 protein in human glial tumors. Qualitative and quantitative studies. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 65:239–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Tapia FJ, Barbosa AJA, Marangos PJ, Polak JM, Bloom SR, Dermody C, Pearse AGE (1981) Neuron-specific enolase is produced by neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet I: 808–811

    Google Scholar 

  • Taratuto AL, Molina H, Monges J (1983) Choroid plexus tumors in infancy and childhood. Focal ependymal differentiation. An immunoperoxidase study. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 59:304–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Tascos NA, Parr J, gonatas NK (1982) Immunocytochemical study of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in human neoplasm of the central nervous system. Hum Pathol 13:454–458

    Google Scholar 

  • Tischler AS, Mobtaker H, Mann K, Nunnemacher G, Jason WJ, Dayal Y, Delellis RA, Adelman L, Wolfe HJ (1986) Anti-lymphocyte antibody Leu-7(HNK-1) recognizes a constituent of neuroendocrine granulc matrix. J Histochem Cytochem 34:1213–1216

    Google Scholar 

  • Trembley GF, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ (1985) Expression of vimentin, glial filament, and neurofilament proteins in primitive childhood brain tumors. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 68:239–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY (1983) Anti-neurofilament monoclonal antibodies: reagents for the evaluation of human neoplasms. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 59:155–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Schlaepfer WW (1984) An immunohistochemical study of human central and peripheral nervous system tumors using monoclonal antibodies against neurofilaments and glial filaments. Hum Pathol 15:248–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Trojanowski JQ, Walkenstein N, Lee VMY (1986) Expression of neurofilament subunits in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system: an immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibodies. J Neurosci 6:650–660

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsutsumi Y (1984) Leu-7 immunoreactivity as histochemical marker for paraffin-embedded neuroendocrine tumors. Acta Histochem Cytochem 17:15–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker GC, Aoyama H, Lipinski M, Tursz T, Thiery JP (1984) Identical reactivity of monoclonal antibodies HNK-1 and NC-1: conservation in vertebrates on cells derived from the neural primordium and on some leucocytes. Cell Differ 14:223–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Meulen JMD, Houthoff HJ, Ebels EJ (1978) Glial fibrillary protein in human gliomas. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 4:177–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Velasco ME, Dahl D, Roessmann U, Gambetti P (1980) Immunohistochemical localisation of glial fibrillary acidic protein in human glial neoplasm. Cancer 45:474–494

    Google Scholar 

  • Vick MR, Scheithauer BW, Kovacs K (1983) Neuron-specific enolase in neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus, bronchus, and skin. Am J Clin Pathol 79:703–707

    Google Scholar 

  • Vinores SA, Bonnin JM, Rubinstein LJ, Marangos PJ (1984) Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in neoplasms of the CNS and other tissues. Arch Pathol Lab Med 108:536–540

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahab ZA, Wright GL (1985) Monoclonal antibody (anti-Leu-7) directed against natural killer cells reacts with normal, benign and malignant prostate tissues. Int J Cancer 36:677–683

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkstrand CJ, Bigner DD (1979) Surface antigens of human glioma cells shared with normal adult and fetal brain. Cancer Res 39:3235–3243

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkstrand CJ, Grahmann FC, McComb RD, Bigner DD (1985) Antigenic heterogeneity of human anaplastic gliomas and glioma-derived cell lines defined by monoclonal antibodies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 44:229–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Yen SH, Fields KL (1981) Antibodies to neurofilament, glial filament, and fibroblast intermediate filament protein bind to different cell types of the nervous system. J Cell Biol 88:115–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Yung WKA, Luna M, Borit A (1985) Vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein in human brain tumors. J Neurooncol 3:35–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Zülch KJ (1979) Histological typing of tumours of the central nervous system. International Histological Classification of Tumors. WHO Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Zülch KJ (1986) Brain tumors — Their biology and pathology, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 1–26

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Neuropathologie, Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, D-4000, Düsseldorf 1, Germany

    G. Reifenberger, J. Szymàs & W. Wechsler

Authors
  1. G. Reifenberger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. Szymàs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. Wechsler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Dedicated to Prof. F. Seitelberger on the occasion of his seventieth birthday

Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 200

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Reifenberger, G., Szymàs, J. & Wechsler, W. Differential expression of glial- and neuronal-associated antigens in human tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. Acta Neuropathol 74, 105–123 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00692841

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00692841

Key words

Search

Navigation