Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Vascular occlusion of the retina — an experimental model

II. Platelet aggregates

  • Laboratory investigations
  • Published:
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Using a new technique to mimic arteriolar occlusion syndromes, different microparticles were injected into the ophthalmic artery of pigs. These microparticles were platelet aggregates of various sizes ranging from 0.15 mm to more than 0.8 mm. Aggregation was induced using adenosine diphosphate and thrombin. In some experiments, acetylsalicylic acid and histamine were also applied. In a further series of experiments, mixed aggregates containing platelets and leukocytes were injected. The results were observed by indirect ophthalmoscopy and consisted of superficial and deep retinal infarction. Large platelet aggregates resulted in arterial branch occlusion, whereas mixed and small platelet aggregates produced occlusion of small arterioles. This technique seems to be valuable in studying retinal arteriolar occlusion syndromes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Baenzinger NL, Force LE, Becherer PR (1980) Histamin stimulates prostacyclin synthesis in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 92:1435–1444

    Google Scholar 

  2. Behrens-Baumann W, Scheurer G (1991) Morbus Purtscher. Variationsbreite der klinischen Manifestation bei 11 Patienten und Überlegungen zur Pathogenese. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 198:99–107

    Google Scholar 

  3. Behrens-Baumann W, Scheurer G, Schroer FH (1992) Pathogenesis of Purtscher's retinopathy. An experimental study. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthal 230:286–291

    Google Scholar 

  4. Borg T, Hällgren R, Warolin O, Modig J (1982) Acute pulmonary dysfunction induced by complement activation. Anaesthesiology 57:A128

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brozovic M (1987) Disseminated intravascular coagulation. In: Bloom, AL, Thomas, DP eds, Hemostasis and thrombosis, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 535–541

    Google Scholar 

  6. Costabella PM, Lindquist O, Kapanci Y, Salseen T (1978) Increased vascular permeability in the delayed microembolism syndrome. Microvasc Res 15:275–286

    Google Scholar 

  7. Craddock PR, White JG, Jacob HS (1978) Potentiation of complement (C5a)-induced granulocyte aggregation by cytochalasin B. J Lab Clin Med 91:490–499

    Google Scholar 

  8. Czervionke RL, Smith JB, Hoak JC (1982) Inhibition of prostacyclin by treatment of endothelium with aspirin. J Clin Invest 63:1089–1092

    Google Scholar 

  9. Damerau B, Grünefeld E, Vogt W (1980) Aggregation of leucocytes induced by the complement derived peptides C3a and C5a and by three synthetic formyl-methionyl peptides. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 63:159–169

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dollery CT, Henkind P, Paterson JW, Ramalho PS, Hill DW (1966) I. Ophthalmoscopic and circulatory changes in focal retinal ischemia. Br J Opthalmol 50:285–324

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dusting GJ, Moncada S, Vane JR (1982) Biosynthesis, actions, and clinical potential. In: Oates JA (eds) Prostaglandins and the cardiovascular system. Raven Press, New York, pp 59–106

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gay AJ, Goldor H, Smith M (1964) Chorioretinal vascular occlusions with latex spheres. Invest Ophthalmol 3:647–656

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gordon JL, Drummond AH (1975) Irreversible aggregation of pig platelets and release of intracellular constituents induced by 5-hydroxy-tryptamine. Biochem Pharmacol 24:33–36

    Google Scholar 

  14. Greven CM, Rens E von, Slusher MM (1990) Branch retinal artery occlusion after platelet transfusion. Am J Ophthalmol 169:105–106

    Google Scholar 

  15. Heidrich H, Hofner J, Wollensak J, Schneider J (1980) Retinal vascular occlusion and thrombocyte aggregation. J Med 11:127–131

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jacob HS (1978) Granulocyte-complement interaction. Arch Int Med 138:461–463

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jacob HS, Goldstein IM, Shapiro I, Weissmann G (1978) Sudden blindness in acute pancreatitis: a manifestation of complement-induced retinal leucostasis? Clin Res 26:498A

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jacob HS, Craddock PR, Hammerschmidt DE, Moldow CF (1980) Complement-induced granulocyte aggregation. N Engl J Med 302:789–794

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jacob HS, Goldstein IM, Shapiro I, Craddock PR (1981) Sudden blindness in acute pancreatitis. Arch Int Med 141:134–136

    Google Scholar 

  20. Jastrzebski J, Arnot RN, Hilgard P, Sykes MK (1975) Thrombin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in the dog. Br J Anaesth 47:654–657

    Google Scholar 

  21. Majerus P (1976) Why aspirin? Circulation 54:357–359

    Google Scholar 

  22. Marcu AJ (1978) The role of lipids in platelet function with particular reference of the arachidonic acid pathway. J Lipid Res 19:793–826

    Google Scholar 

  23. Matthias FR (1985) Blutgerinnungsstörungen: Hämorrha-gische Diathesen und thromboembolische Erkrankungen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 18–26

    Google Scholar 

  24. McIntyre TM, Zimmermann GA, Satoh K, Prescott M (1985) Cultured endothelial cells synthesize both platelet-activating factor and prostacyclin in response to histamine, bradykinin and adenosine triphosphate. J Clin Invest 76:271–280

    Google Scholar 

  25. Michaelson IC (1954) Retinal circulation in man and animals. Thomas, Springfield, pp 74–100

    Google Scholar 

  26. Moncada S, Herman AG, Higgs EA, Vane JR (1977) Differential formation of prostacyclin (PGX or PGI2) by layers of the arterial wall. An explanation for the antithrombic properties of vascular endothelium. Thromb Res 11:323–344

    Google Scholar 

  27. Paterson JW, Dollery CT, Ramalho PS, Kohner EM (1967) The effects of platelet aggregates on the retinal microcirculation. Bibl Anat 9:85–91

    Google Scholar 

  28. Purtscher O (1910) Noch unbekannte Befunde nach Schädel-trauma. Beitr Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges 36:294–303

    Google Scholar 

  29. Scheurer G, Praetorius G, Damerau B, Behrens-Baumann W (1992) Vascular occlusion of the retina. An experimental model. I. Leucocyte aggregates Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 230:275–280

    Google Scholar 

  30. Serneri CGN (1981) Pathophysiological aspects of platelet aggregation in relation to blood flow theology in microcirculation. La Ricerca Clin Lab 11:39–46

    Google Scholar 

  31. Weinstein L (1982) Syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count: a severe consequence of hypertension in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 142:159–167

    Google Scholar 

  32. Weksler BB, Marcus AJ, Jaffe EA (1977) Synthesis of prostacyclin I2 (prostacyclin) by cultured human and bovine endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:3922–3926

    Google Scholar 

  33. Zwaal RFA, Brevets EM, Comfurius P (1986) Platelets and coagulation. In: Zwaal RFA, Hemker HC (eds) Blood coagulation. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 141–169

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Hermann-Rein- Strasse 3, W-3400, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. Schroer

  2. Augenklinik Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, W-3400, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany

    G. Scheurer & W. Behrens-Baumann

Authors
  1. H. Schroer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. G. Scheurer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. Behrens-Baumann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

This study was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG No. BE 1043)

Offprint requests to: W. Behrens-Baumann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schroer, H., Scheurer, G. & Behrens-Baumann, W. Vascular occlusion of the retina — an experimental model. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 230, 281–285 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00176305

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00176305

Keywords

Search

Navigation