Abstract
The responses of Surfactant TA instillation in two groups of premature lambs (Group I, 124.8±1.1 days and Group II, 132.2±1.2 days, mean±SD) and one group of premature baboons (140±1.6 days) were compared to study the effectiveness of the same surfactant in different animal models. The treatment group received Surfactant TA 100 mg/kg surfactant lipid at 1 to 2 h of age. Control lambs and baboons did not receive surfactant. Sequential measurements of arterial blood gas tension, acid base status, mean airway pressure (MAP) and oxygen requirement (FiO2) were carried out for 8h after surfactant instillation. The results show that the Group I surfactant-treated lambs improved significantly following instillation. The a/APO2 improved from 0.08±0.02 before treatment to 0.31±0.12, and the MAP decreased from 15.8±0.9 cm H2O to 13.3±1.3 cm H2O 2.5 h after treatment. At 5.5 h after treatment, the lambs given surfactant deteriorated. Group II treated lambs showed sustained improvement throughout the study period, and improvement in the treated group was not significantly different from Group II control lambs. The surfactant-treated baboons, however showed sustained and significant improvement in a/APO2 from the time of instillation to the end of the study. These data suggest that the differences in response to the same surfactant therapy between the lamb and baboon models were due to related differences in species, lung maturation, and the differences in response to surfactant, i.e., alveolar leak of protein.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- MAP:
-
mean air way pressure
- FiO2 :
-
oxygen requirement
- PEEP:
-
positive end-expiratory pressore
- ANOVA:
-
analysis of variance
- a/APO2 :
-
arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratio
- P-V:
-
pressure volume
References
Adams FH, Towers B, Osher AB, Ikegami M, Fujiwara T, Nozaki M (1978) Effects of tracheal instillation of natural surfactant in premature lambs. 1. Clinical and autopsy findings. Pediatr Res 12:841–848
Durand DJ, Clyman RI, Heymaann MA, Clements JA, Mauray F, Kitterman J, Ballard P (1985) Effects of a protein-free, synthetic surfactant on survival and pulmonary function in preterm lambs. Pediatr 107:775–780
Enhorning G, Shennan A, Possmayer F, Dunn M, Chen CP, Milligan J (1985) Prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome by tracheal instillation of surfactant. Pediatrics 76:145–153
Escobedo MB, Hillard JL, Smith F, Meredith K, Walsh W, Johnson D, Goalson JJ, Kuehl TJ, Null DM, Robotham JL (1982) A baboon model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. 1. Clinical features. Exp Mol Pathol 37:323–334
Fujiwara T (1985) Surfactant replacement in Neonatal RDS. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 479–503
Fujiwara T, Maeta H, Chida S, Morita T, Watabe Y, Abe T (1980) Artificial surfactant therapy in hyaline membrane disease. Lancet I:55–59
Gilbert R, Keighley J (1974) The arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratio. An index of gas exchange applicable to varying inspired oxygen concentrations. Am Rev Respir Dis 109:142–1142
Ikegami M, Jobe A, Glatz T (1981) Surface activity following natural surfactant treatment in premature lambs. J Appl Physiol 51:306–312
Ikegami M, Agata Y, Elkady T, Hallman H, Barry D, Jobe A (1987) Comparison of four surfactants: in vitro surface properties and responses of preterm lambs to treatment at birth. Pediatrics 79:38–46
Jacobs H, Jobe A, Ikegami H, Glatz T, Jones SJ, Barajas L (1985) Premature lambs rescued from respiratory failure with natural surfactant; clinical and biophysical correlates. Pediatr Res 16:424–429
Jobe A, Ikegami M, Glatz T, Yoshida Y, Diakomanolis E, Padbury J (1981) Duration and characteristics of treatment of premature lambs with natural surfactant. J Clin Invest 67:370–375
Kling O (1974) Amniotic fluid assay as an index for gestational age and fetal development in the baboon. Obstet Gynecol 43:704–708
Morley CJ, Miller N, Bangham ADF, Davis JA (1981) Dry artificial lung surfactant and its effect on very premature babies. Lancet I:64–69
Notter RH, Egan EA, Kwong MS, Holm BA, Shapiro DL (1985) Lung surfactant replacement in premature lamb with extracted lipids from bovine lung lavage: effects of dose, dispersion technique, and gestational age. Pediatr Res 19:569–577
Stengel P, Frazer D, Weber K (1985) Lung degassing: an evaluation of two methods. J Appl Physiol 48:370–375
Tanaka Y, Takei T, Kanazawa Y, Kiuchi A, Fujiwara T (1982) Relation of chemical components and surface activities of lung surfactant. J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface 13:95–101
Tanaka Y, Takei T, Kanazawa Y, Seida K, Masuda K, Kiuchi A, Fujiwara T (1982) Preparation of surfactant from minced bovine lung: chemical composition and surfactant properties. J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface 13:87–94
Tanaka Y, Takei T, Kanazawa Y (1983) Lung surfactant. II. Effects of fatty acids, triacylglycerols and portein on the activity of lung surfactant. Chem Pharm Bull 31:4100–4109
Vidyasagar D, Maeta H, Raju TNK, John E, Bhat R, Go M, Dahiya U, Roberson Y, Yamin A, Narula A, Evans M (1985) Bovine surfactant (surfactant TA) therapy in immature baboons with hyaline membrane disease. Pediatrics 75:1132–1142
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maeta, H., Vidyasagar, D., Raju, T. et al. Response to bovine surfactant (surfactant TA) in two different HMD models (lambs and baboons). Eur J Pediatr 147, 162–167 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00442215
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00442215