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Development of tumors in the glandular stomach of rats after oral administration of carcinogens

I. Histological findings

Entwicklung von Tumoren im Drüsenmagen der Ratte nach oraler Applikation von Carcinogenen

I. Histologische Befunde

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Summary

Experimental carcinomas in the glandular stomach of rats were induced by oral administration of MNNG (M-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin) for 35 weeks or ENNG (N-ethyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin) for 20 weeks. Rats were killed at different times after beginning of carcinogen treatment and tissue specimens were prepared for histologic investigation. Particular interest was placed on the development of tumors and on pathological findings possibly contributing to early diagnosis of stomach cancer. During the development of tumors, several dysplastic reactions were observed in the antral mucosa. They could be classified into 4 groups : One was regenerative hyperplasia (1) that meant irregular glandular proliferations without cell atypism at the margin of erosions and ulcers. This lesion was mainly found 1–9 weeks after administration of MNNG. In glandular hyperplasia (2) either crypts or glands were extended and mucosal layers were thickened. No signs of cell atypism were observed. This lesion was mainly found 12–17 weeks after administration of MNNG. Dysplasia (3) was combined with considerable structural modifications and cellular atypism. However, this lesion was limited to the mucosal layer. Neoplastic changes (4) were characterized by marked cellular atypism and extension to tunica submucosa and tunica serosa. Some tumors showed the histological patterns of benign tumors, but most of them were adenocarcinomas. In some cases metastases into pancreas, liver and lymph nodes and in one case into the 12th rib were observed. No particular enzyme patterns were found by histochemistry.

Zusammenfassung

Durch orale Applikation von MNNG (N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin) über 35 Wochen oder ENNG (N-äthyl-N′-nitro-Nnitrosoguanidin) über 20 Wochen wurden experimentelle Carcinome im Drüsenmagen von Ratten erzeugt. Die Tiere wurden in regelmäßigen Abständen nach dem Fütterungsbeginn getötet und die Tumoren histologisch aufgearbeitet. Dadurch waren die Entwicklungsphasen der Carcinogenese analysierbar, die für die Frühdiagnose des Magencarcinoms von Bedeutung sein können. Die histologischen Veränderungen während der Carcinogenese wurden in 4 Stadien eingeteilt :

  1. 1.

    Die regenerative Hyperplasie findet sich 1–9 Wochen nach Fütterungsbeginn mit MNNG vorwiegend im Bereich von Erosionen und Geschwüren. Es handelt sich um unregelmäßige Drüsenproliferationen ohne Zellatypien.

  2. 2.

    Die glanduläre Hyperplasie, die am häufigsten 12–17 Wochen nach MNNG-Gabe auftritt, besteht aus einer verdickten Schleimhaut mit vermehrten Drüsenschläuchen, die ebenfalls gut ausdifferenziert sind und kaum Atypien zeigen.

  3. 3.

    Die Dysplasie zeigt sehr unregelmäßige Drüsen mit ausgeprägten Zellatypien, deren Ausdehnung jedoch auf die Schleimhaut beschränkt ist.

  4. 4.

    Die Neoplasien bestehen aus undifferenzierten Drüsenproliferationen, die bis in die Tunica serosa vordringen. Zum Teil handelt es sich noch um Adenome, meist jedoch um Adenocarcinome. In einigen Fällen waren Metastasen in Pankreas, Leber und Lymphknoten nachweisbar, in einem Fall in einer Rippe. Histochemisch zeigten die Tumoren im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen keine charakteristischen Veränderungen.

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dedicated to Prof. Dr. H. W.Altmann, Würzburg, June 7, 1976

This work was supported by a scholarship fund of Alexander-von-Humboldt-Foundation in BRD

Fellowship B of Alexander-von-Humboldt-Foundation

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Uchida, Y., Schlake, W., Roessner, A. et al. Development of tumors in the glandular stomach of rats after oral administration of carcinogens. Z. Krebsforsch. 87, 199–212 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00284378

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