Abstract
Ecdysis of the embryonic cuticle has been studied in detail. The initiation and mechanical processes involved in this ecdysis, and the associated differential size increases of cuticular parts have been given most attention. The roles of air swallowing and of thoracic contraction are most imoprtant for rupturing the old cuticle, while abdominal contractions assist the whole process. Some specialized cuticular structures are described.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albrecht, F. O.: The anatomy of the migratory locust. London: Athlone Press 1953.
— The anatomy of the red locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata Serville). AntiLocust Bull. No 23, 9 pp. (1956).
Bellesme, J. de: Phenomènes qui accompagnent la métamorphose chez la libellule déprimée. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 85, 448–450 (1877).
Bernays, E. A.: Hatching in Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål): processes occurring between initial deposition and final hardening of the first instar cuticle. Ph.D. thesis, University of London (1970).
— The vermiform larva of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål): form and activity (Insecta, Orthoptera). Z. Merph. Tiere 70, 183–200 (1971).
Bland, R., Nutting, W.: A histological and biometrical study of wing development in the grasshopper Melanoplus lakinus. Ann. entomol. Soc. Amer. 62, 419–436 (1969).
Brother, F.: Le mécanisme physiologique de la dernière mue des larves des Agrionides. Ann. Biol. Lac. 9, 183–200 (1919).
Cappe de Baillon, P.: Contribution anatomique et physiologique à l'étude de la réproduction chez les locustiens et les grylloniens II. La ponte et l'éclosion chez les grylloniens. Conclusions generales. Cellule 32, 1–93 (1920).
Duarte, A. J.: On ecdysis in the African migratory locust. Agron. Lusitana Lisbon 1, 22–40 (1939).
Escherich, K.: Einiges über die Häutungshaare der Insekten nach ihrem Funktionswechsel. Biol. Zbl. 17, 542–544 (1897).
Ford, N. A.: Comparative study of the abdominal musculature of orthopteroid insects. Trans. roy. Canad. Inst. 14, 207–319 (1923).
Hansen, A. T.: Pressure measurement in the human organism. Acta physiol. stand. 19, Suppl. 68, 228 pp. (1949).
Hass, W.: Über die Struktur des Chitins bei Arthropoden. Arch. Apat. Physiol. 1916, 295–338 (1916).
Jannone, G.: Studio morfologico, anatomico e istologico del Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thun.) nell sue fasi transiens congregans, gregaria e solitaria. Boll. Lab. Ent. agr. Portici 4, 1–433 (1939).
Kao, C., Chambers, R.: Internal hydrostatic pressure of the Fundulus egg. 1. The activated egg. J. exp. Biol. 31, 139–149 (1954).
Kapzov, S.: Untersuchungen über den feineren Ban der Cuticula bei Insekten. Z. wiss. Zool. 98, 297–337 (1911).
Kunkel D'Herculais, J.: Du rôle de fair dans le mécanisme physiologique de l'éclosion, des mues et de la métamorphose chez les insectes orthoptères de la famille des Acridides. C. R. Acad. Sci (Paris) 110, 657–659 (1890).
— Invasions des acridiens sauterelles en Algerie, tome 1. Algiers 1893–1905.
La Baume, W.: Biologie der marokkanischen Wanderheuschrecke (Stauronotus maroccanus Thunb.). Beobachtungen aus Kleinasien in den Jahren 1916 u. 1917. Monogr. angew. Ent. No. 3, 157–274 (1918).
McFarlane, J. E.: The embryonic cuticle of the house cricket, its scales, and their relation to the scales of other cuticles. Canad. J. Zool. 40, 23–30 (1962).
Mikhel'son, J.: Observations sur les acridiens migrateurs [in Russian]. Bull. Soc. ent. Moscou 2, 7–67 (1922).
Pichler, F.: Vergleichende funktionsanatomische Untersuchungen an den Männchen-Abdomen einiger Feldheuschrecken. Zool. Jb., Abt. Anat. u. Ontog. 72, 560–576 (1952).
Ramsay, J. A.: A new method of freezing-point determination for small quantities. J. exp. Biol. 26, 57–64 (1949).
Severin, H. P., Severin, H. C.: The effect of moisture and dryness on the emergence from the egg of the walking stock Diapheromera femorata Say. J. econ. Ent. 3, 479–481 (1910).
Shafer, C. F.: The growth of dragon fly nymphs at the moult and between moults. Stanford Univ. Publ. Biol. Sci. 307–337 (1922).
Shapinskii, D. G.: Biological observations on the Acrididae of the Chelyabinsk district, Orenburg, in 1916 (in Russian). Bull. Soc. ent. Moscou 2, 26–29 (1923).
Shulov, A., Pener, A1. P.: Studies on the development of eggs of the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), and its interruption under particular conditions of humidity. Anti-Locust Bull. No. 41, 59 pp. (1963).
Snodgrass, R. E.: The abdominal mechanisms of a grasshopper. Smithson. misc. Collns. 94, 89 pp. (1935).
Thomas, J. F.: The abdomen of the female desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) with special reference to the sense organs. Anti-Locust Bull. No 42, 20 pp. (1965).
Vosseler, J.: Die Wanderheuschrecken in Usambara im Jahre 1903/1904, zugleich ein Beitrag zu ihrer Biologie. Ber. Land- u. Forstw. D.-Ostafr. 2, 291–374 (1905).
Weis-Fogh, T.: Diffusion in insect wing muscle, the most active known. J. exp. Biol. 41, 229–256 (1964).
Wigglesworth, V. B.: The principles of insect physiology. London: Methuen 1965.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bernays, E.A. The intermediate moult (First Ecdysis) of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål) (Insecta, Orthoptera). Z. Morph. Tiere 71, 160–179 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298575
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298575