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Pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin in hemodialysis patients

Der Einsatz von Teicoplanin bei Hämodialysepatienten

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Summary

As only insufficient knowledge about the dosage of teicoplanin in hemodialysis patients exists, a clinical trial was performed on 26 patients. An initial dose of 800 mg teicoplanin, followed by doses of 400 mg on day 8 and day 15, was administered. In addition to the common clinical parameters (fever, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein), the plasma concentrations of this substance were determined. The HLTterm was 159±35 h, the Vss 104±25 l/100 kg and the CLtot 5.3±1.3 ml/min. It could be shown that the dosage regimen mentioned above produced long-lasting and highly effective levels, sufficiently surpassing the MICs of the expected bacteria (streptococci and staphylococci). The easily administered substance showed no adverse side effects, based on clinical criteria. The above-mentioned therapy nearly always resulted in success according to clinical criteria. Therefore, and due to its easy administration, it seems advantageous to start treatment with teicoplanin in hemodialysis patients obviously suffering from bacterial infections.

Zusammenfassung

Da bisher nur unzureichende Daten über die Dosierung von Teicoplanin bei Hämodialysepatienten vorlagen, wurde eine Studie mit 26 Patienten durchgeführt. Die Patienten erhielten initial 800 mg Teicoplanin i.v. und dann jeweils 400 mg am 8. und 15. Tag. Neben den üblichen klinischen Parametern (Fieber, CRP, Leukocyten) wurden die Plasmaspiegel bestimmt. Die terminale Halbwertzeit betrug 159±35 h, das Verteilungsvolumen 104±25 l/100 kg und die totale Clearance 5,3±1,3 ml/min. Es zeigte sich, daß unter dieser Medikation lang- und hochwirksame Spiegel vorlagen, die weit über der minimalen Hemmkonzentration von Zielkeimen (Streptokokken und Staphylokokken) liegen. Die bequem zu applizierende Medikation wurde gut vertragen. Die Form der Behandlung führte nach klinischen Kriterien fast stets zum Erfolg. Aus diesen Gründen und wegen der einfachen Applikationsart erscheint es angebracht, bei Dialysepatienten, die offensichtlich an bakteriellen Infektionen erkrankt sind, die Therapie mit Teicoplanin einzuleiten.

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Höffler, D., Naumann, E., Koeppe, P. et al. Pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin in hemodialysis patients. Infection 19, 324–327 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645356

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