Abstract
Isolated protoplasts from pulvinar motor cells of Mimosa pudica were studied using conventional whole-cell patch clamp techniques. With internal solutions weakly buffered for Ca2+ (0.2 mm EGTA), a run-down of the outward delayed rectifier K+ current was induced by hyperpolarizing the holding potential, and this effect was strongly promoted by high external Ca2+ concentrations. This rundown could be reversed by coming back to less hyperpolarized holding potentials or by lowering the external [Ca2+]. Such rundown was absent when pipette internal solutions strongly buffered (10 mm EGTA) for Ca2+ were used. Ionomycin induced run-down of the K+ current with internal solutions containing 0.2 mm but not 10 mm EGTA. The hyperpolarization-associated rundown was reversibly blocked by Gd3+ and La3+.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexandre, J., Lassalles, J.-P. 1991. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure activated channel in plant vacuole. Biophys. J. 60:1326–1336
Allen, G.J., Sanders, D. 1994. Two voltage-gated, calcium release channels co-reside in the vacuolar membrane of broad bean guard cells. Plant Cell 6:685–694
Blatt, M.R. 1992. K+ channels of stomatal guard cells: characteristics of the inward rectifier and its control by pH. J. Gen. Physiol. 99:615–644
Blatt, M.R., Armstrong, F. 1993. K+ channels of stomatal guard cells: abscisic-acid-evoked control of the outward rectifier mediated by cytoplasmic pH. Planta 191:330–341
Blatt, M.R., Thiel, G. 1993. Hormonal control of ion channel gating. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 44:543–552
Bregestovski, P., Redkozubov, A., Alexeev, A. 1986. Elevation of intracellular calcium reduces voltage-dependent potassium conductance in human T cells. Nature 319:776–778
Canzoniero, L.M.T., Taglialatela, M., Di Renzo, G., Annunziato, L. 1993. Gadolinium and neomycin block voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels without interfering with the Na+-Ca2+ antiporter in brain nerve endings. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 245:97–103
Chinn, K., Lisman, J. 1984. Calcium mediates the light-induced decrease in maintained K+ current in Limulus ventral photoreceptors. J. Gen. Physiol. 84:447–462
Ding, J.P., Pickard, B. 1993. Mechanosensory calcium-selective cation channels in epidermal cells. Plant J. 3:83–110
Docherty, R.J. 1988. Gadolinium selectively blocks a component of calcium current in rodent neuroblastoma × glioma hybrid (NG108–15) cells. J. Physiol. 398:33–47
Fairley-Grenot, K.A., Assmann, S.M. 1992. Whole-cell K+ current across the plasma membrane of guard cells from a grass: Zea mays. Planta 186:282–293
Fasolato, C., Innocenti, B., Pozzan, T. 1994. Receptor-activated Ca2+ influx: how many mechanisms for how many channels? Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 15:77–83
Graziana, A., Fosset, M., Ranjeva, R., Hetherington, A.M., Lazdunski, M. 1988. Ca2+ inhibitors that bind to plant cell membranes block Ca2+ entry into protoplasts. Biochemistry 27:764–768
Hamill, O.P., Marty, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B., Sigworth, F.J. 1981. Improved patch-clamp techniques for high resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches. Pfluegers Arch. 391:85–100
Hedrich, R., Busch, H., Raschke, K. 1990. Ca2+ and nucleotide dependent regulation of voltage dependent anion channel in the plasma membrane of guard cells. EMBO J. 12:3889–3892
Hedrich, R., Schroeder, J.I. 1989. The physiology of ion channels and electrogenic pumps in higher plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 40:539–569
Hille, B. 1992. Ionic Channels of Excitable Membranes (2nd Ed.). Sinauer, Sunderland, MA
Huang, J.W., Grunes, D.L., Kochian, L.V. 1994. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx into right-side-out plasma membrane vesicles isolated from wheat roots: characterization of a putative Ca2+ channel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:3473–3477
Ilan, N., Schwartz, A., Moran, N. 1994. External pH effects on the depolarization-activated K channels in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. J. Gen. Physiol. 103:807–831
Johannes, E., Brosnan, J.M., Sanders, D. 1992. Calcium channels in the vacuolar membrane of plants: multiple pathways for intracellular calcium mobilization. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 338:105–112
Ketchum, K.A., Poole, R.J. 1991. Cytosolic calcium regulates a potassium current in corn (Zea mays) protoplasts. J. Membrane Biol. 119:277–288
Komwatana, P., Conigrave, A.D., Delbridge, L., Young, J.A., Cook, D.I. 1994. Intracellular Ca2+ inactivates an outwardly rectifying K+ current in human adenomatous parathyroid cells. Pfluegers Arch. 426:320–327
Lacampagne, A., Gannier, F., Argibay, J., Garnier, D., Le Guennec, J.-Y. 1994. The stretch-activated ion channel blocker gadolinium also blocks L-type calcium channels in isolated ventricular myocytes of the guinea-pig. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1191:205–508
Latorre, R., Oberhauser, A., Labarca, P., Alvarez, O. 1989. Varieties of calcium-activated potassium channels. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 51:385–399
Li, W., Assmann, S.M. 1993. Characterization of a G-protein-regulated outward K+ current in mesophyll cells of Vicia faba L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:262–266
Marshall, J., Corzo, A., Leigh, R.A., Sanders, D. 1994. Membrane potential-dependent calcium transport in right-side-out plasma membrane vesicles from Zea mays L. roots. Plant J. 5:683–694
Mlinar, B., Enyeart, J.J. 1993. Block of current through T-type calcium channels by trivalent metal cations and nickel in neural rat and human cells. J. Physiol. 469:639–652
Moran, N., Fox, D., Satter, R.L. 1990. Interaction of the depolarization-activated K+ channel of Samanea saman with inorganic ions: a patch-clamp study. Plant Physiol. 94:424–431
Rengel, Z. 1994. Effects of Al3+, rare earth elements, and other metals on net 45Ca2+ uptake by Amaranthus protoplasts. J. Plant Physiol. 143:47–51
Schroeder, J.I., Hagiwara, S. 1989. Cytosolic calcium regulates ion channels in the plasma membrane of Vicia faba guard cells. Nature 338:427–430
Stoeckel, H., Takeda, K. 1989. Voltage-activated, delayed rectifier K+ current from pulvinar protoplasts of Mimosa pudica. Pfluegers Arch. 414:S150-S151
Stoeckel, H., Takeda, K. 1993. Plasmalemmal, voltage-dependent ionic currents from excitable pulvinar motor cells of Mimosa pudica. J. Membrane Biol. 131:179–192
Terry, B.R., Findlay, G.P., Tyerman, S.D. 1992. Direct effects of Ca2+-channel blockers on plasma membrane cation channels of Amaranthus tricolor protoplasts. J. Exp. Bot. 43:1457–1473
Tester, M. 1990. Plant ion channels: whole-cell and single-channel studies. New Phytol. 114:305–340
Thiel, G., Blatt, M.R. 1994. Phosphatase antagonist okadaic acid inhibits steady-state K+ currents in guard cells of Vicia faba. Plant J. 5:727–733
Thomine, S., Zimmermann, S., Van Duijn, B., Barbier-Brygoo, H., Guern, J. 1994. Calcium channel antagonists induce direct inhibition of the outward rectifying potassium channel in tobacco protoplasts. FEBS Lett. 340:45–50
Thuleau, P., Ward, J.M., Ranjeva, R., Schroeder, J.I. 1994. Voltage-dependent calcium-permeable channels in the plasma membrane of a higher plant cell. EMBO J. 13:2970–2975
Yang, X.-C., Sachs, F. 1989. Block of stretch-activated ion channels in Xenopus oocytes by gadolinium and calcium ions. Science 243:1068–1071
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
We thank Christophe Untereiner and Denis Wagner for expert technical assistance in facilitating the experiments and data acquisition and analysis.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stoeckel, H., Takeda, K. Calcium-sensitivity of the plasmalemmal delayed rectifier potassium current suggests that calcium influx in pulvinar protoplasts from Mimosa pudica L. can be revealed by hyperpolarization. J. Membarin Biol. 146, 201–209 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00238009
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00238009