Skip to main content
Log in

Doublet frequencies and codon weighting in the DNA ofEscherichia coli and its phages

  • Published:
Journal of Molecular Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A compilation of nucleic acid sequences fromE.coli and its phages has been analysed for the frequency of occurrence of nearest neighbour base doublets and codons. Several statistically significant deviations from random are found in both doublet and codon frequencies. The deviations inE.coli also appear to occur in λ and in the coat protein gene of MS2, whereas T4 and other parts of the MS2 genome show different sequence properties. These and other findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that rapidity of translation of mRNAs in theE. coli system is dependent on doublet frequency and codon usage patterns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barrell, B.G., Clark, B.F.C. (1974). Handbook of nucleic acid sequences. Oxford: Joynson-Bruvvers

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrell, B.G., Coulson, A.R., McClain, W.H. (1973). FEBS Letters 37, 64

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrell, B.G., Seidman, J.G., Guthrie, C., McClain, W.H. (1974). Proc. Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 71, 413

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, H., Brammar, W.J., Yanofsky, C. (1968a). J.Mol.Biol. 34, 219

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, H., Brammar, W.J., Yanofsky, C. (1968b). J.Bacteriol. 96, 1672

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertrand, K., Korn, L., Lee, F., Platt, T., Squires, C.L., Squires, C., Yanofsky, C. (1975). Science 189, 22

    Google Scholar 

  • Berzin, V.M., Gren, E.Y. (1972). Biokhimiya 37, 874

    Google Scholar 

  • Blank, H.U., Söll, D. (1971). J.Biol.Chem. 246, 4947

    Google Scholar 

  • Brammar, W.J., Berger, H., Yanofsky, C. (1967). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 58, 1499

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronson, M.J., Squires, C., Yanofsky, C. (1973). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 70, 2335

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruni, C.B., Martin, R.G., Rechler, M.M. (1972). J.Biol.Chem. 247, 6671

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullock, E., Elton, R.A. (1972). J.Mol.Evol. 1, 315

    Google Scholar 

  • Caskey, C.T., Beaudet, A., Nirenberg, M. (1968). J.Mol.Biol. 37, 99

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahlberg, J.E., Blattner, F.R. (1973). In: Virus research, C.F. Fox, W.S. Robinson, eds., p. 533. New York: Academic Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickson, R.C., Abelson, J., Barnes, W.M., Reznikoff, W.S. (1975). Science 187, 27

    Google Scholar 

  • Elton, R.A. (1973a). J.Mol.Evol. 2, 263

    Google Scholar 

  • Elton, R.A. (1973b). J.Mol.Evol. 2, 293

    Google Scholar 

  • Elton, R.A. (1975). J.Mol.Evol. 4, 323

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiers, W., Contreras, R., Duerinck, F., Haegeman, G., Merregaert, J., Min Jou, W., Raemakers, A., Volckaert, G., Ysebaert, M., Van der Kerckhove, J., Nolf, F., Van Montagu, M. (1975). Nature 256, 273

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel, N.S., Subba Rao, G., Yčas, M., Bremermann, H.J., King, L. (1972). J.Theoret.Biol. 35, 399

    Google Scholar 

  • Grantham, R. (1972). Nature New Biol. 237, 265

    Google Scholar 

  • Harada, F., Nishimura, S. (1974). Biochemistry 13, 300

    Google Scholar 

  • Ino, I., Yourno, J. (1974). J.Mol.Biol. 85, 301

    Google Scholar 

  • Isono, K., Yourno, J. (1974). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 71, 1612

    Google Scholar 

  • Josse, J., Kaiser, A.D., Kornberg, A. (1961). J.Biol.Chem. 236, 864

    Google Scholar 

  • Kano-Sueoka, T., Sueoka, N. (1968). J.Mol.Biol. 37, 475

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebowitz, P., Weissman, S.M., Radding, C.M. (1971). J.Biol.Chem. 246, 5120

    Google Scholar 

  • McClain, W.H., Guthrie, C., Barrell, B.G. (1972). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 69, 3703

    Google Scholar 

  • Maitra, U., Cohen, S.N., Hurwitz, J. (1966). Cold Spr.Harb.Symp.Quant.Biol. 31, 113

    Google Scholar 

  • Maizels, N.M. (1973). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 70, 3585

    Google Scholar 

  • Maniatis, T., Jeffrey, A., Kleid, D.G. (1975). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 72, 1184

    Google Scholar 

  • Maniatis, T., Ptashne, M., Barrell, B.G., Donelson, J. (1974). Nature 250, 394

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, R.E., Caskey, C.T., Nirenberg, M. (1967). Science 155, 820

    Google Scholar 

  • Min Jou, W., Haegeman, G., Ysebaert, M., Fiers, W. (1972). Nature 237, 82

    Google Scholar 

  • Musso, R.E., De Crombrugghe, B., Pastan, I., Sklar, J., Yot, P., Weissman, S. (1974). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 71, 4940

    Google Scholar 

  • Ocada, Y., Amagase, S., Tsugita, A. (1970). J.Mol.Biol. 54, 219

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinkerton, T.C., Paddock, G., Abelson, J. (1972). Nature New Biol. 240, 88

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirrotta, V. (1975). Nature 254, 114

    Google Scholar 

  • Platt, T., Yanofsky, C. (1975). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 72, 2399

    Google Scholar 

  • Riddle, D.L., Carbon, J. (1973). Nature New Biol. 242, 230

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, G.J., McGeoch, D.J., Elton, R.A., Subak-Sharpe, J.H. (1973). J.Mol.Evol. 2, 277

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherberg, N.H., Weiss, S.B. (1972). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 69, 1114

    Google Scholar 

  • Seidman, J.G., Comer, M.M., McClain, W.H. (1974). J.Mol.Biol. 90, 677

    Google Scholar 

  • Subak-Sharpe, J.H. (1967). Brit.Med.Bull. 23, 161

    Google Scholar 

  • Subak-Sharpe, J.H. (1969). In: Proceedings of the Eighth Canadian Cancer Research Conference, J.F. Morgan, ed., p. 242. Oxford: Pergamon Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Subak-Sharpe, H., Bürk, R.R., Crawford, L.V., Morrison, J.M., Hay, J., Keir, H.M. (1966). Cold Spr.Harb.Symp.Quant.Biol. 31, 737

    Google Scholar 

  • Subak-Sharpe, J.H., Elton, R.A., Russell, G.J. (1974). Symp.Soc.Gen. Microbiol. 24, 131

    Google Scholar 

  • Sueoka, N. (1961). Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 47, 1141

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, M.N., Trautner, T.A., Kornberg, A. (1962). J.Biol.Chem. 237, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  • Walz, A., Pirrotta, V. (1975). Nature 254, 118

    Google Scholar 

  • Weissmann, C., Billeter, M.A., Goodman, H.M., Hindley, J., Weber, H. (1973). Ann.Rev.Biochem. 42, 303

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J.H. (1973). J.Mol.Biol. 74, 753

    Google Scholar 

  • Yourno, J. (1970). J.Mol.Biol. 48, 437

    Google Scholar 

  • Yourno, J. (1971). J.Mol.Biol. 62, 223

    Google Scholar 

  • Yourno, J. (1972). Nature New Biol. 239, 219

    Google Scholar 

  • Yourno, J., Ino, I., Kohno, T. (1971). J.Mol.Biol. 62, 233

    Google Scholar 

  • Yudelevich, A. (1971). J.Mol.Biol. 60, 21

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Elton, R.A., Russell, G.J. & Subak-Sharpe, J.H. Doublet frequencies and codon weighting in the DNA ofEscherichia coli and its phages. J Mol Evol 8, 117–135 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01739098

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01739098

Key words

Navigation