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Determination of subacromial space width and inferior acromial mineralization by 3D CT

Détermination de la largeur de l'espace sub-acromial et de la minéralisation de la face caudale de l'acromion par tomodensitométrie tridimensionnelle : données préliminaires chez des patients atteints d'un syndrome unilatéral du défilé du m. supra-épineux

Preliminary data from patients with unilateral supraspinatus outlet syndrome

  • Radiologic Anatomy
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Summary

A reduction of the subacromial space and an increased subacromial pressure have been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of rotator cuff lesions. The objective of the current study was to develop a CT based method for measuring the acromiohumeral distance and inferior acromial mineralization. In seven patients with unilateral rupture of the rotator cuff and two with impingement syndrome, transverse CT images were obtained at a section thickness of 1 mm with muscular relaxation in a standardized position. The bones were then reconstructed three-dimensionally, and the minimal vertical distance between the acromion and the humerus was determined in three secondary frontal images on both sides. The distribution of mineralization within the inferior surface of the acromion was assessed using CT osteoabsorptiometry. Although the Constant score was significantly reduced in the diseased shoulders, the width of the subacromial space was not routinely lower than on the contralateral side. In seven cases the maximal inferior acromial mineralization was identical in both shoulders, and in two cases it was lower on the affected side. These preliminary data suggest that with muscular relaxation no narrowing of the subacromial space can be detected in secondary frontal CT images, and that a potential increase of subacromial pressure is not high enough to cause a measurable increase in inferior acromial bone density. The method presented makes it possible to investigate the pathogenesis of the supraspinatus outlet syndromein vivo with greater precision than has so far been possible with conventional radiography.

Résumé

Une réduction de l'espace sous-acromial et une augmentation de la pression sous-acromiale avait été considérées comme jouant un rôle très important dans la pathogénie des lésions de la coiffe des rotateurs. L'objectif de cette étude est de développer une méthode basée sur la tomodensitométrie, pour mesurer la distance acromio-humérale et la minéralisation de la partie inférieure de l'acromion. Chez 7 patients avec une rupture unilatérale de la coiffe des rotateurs et deux avec un syndrome de conflit, des images acquises en coupes axiales transverses étaient obtenues avec une section d'épaisseur de 1 mm en situation de relaxation musculaire dans une position standard. Les structures osseuses étaient ensuite reconstruites en trois dimensions, la distance minimale verticale entre l'acromion et l'humérus était déterminée sur trois images frontales des deux côtés. La distribution de la minéralisation à l'intérieur de la surface caudale de l'acromion était évaluée en utilisant une méthode d'ostéo-absorptiométrie. Bien que le score de Constant était significantivement réduit chez les épaules malades, l'épaisseur de l'espace sous-acromial n'était pas systématiquement plus bas que du côté controlatéral. Dans 7 cas, les zones de minéralisation maximale de l'acromion étaient identiques dans les deux épaules et dans 2 cas étaient plus basses du côté affecté. Cette étude préliminaire suggère qu'avec la relaxation musculaire, un amincissement de l'espace sous-acromial ne peut pas être détecté sur des images de reconstruction frontale, par tomodensitométrie tridimensionnelle et qu'un potentiel d'accroissement de la pression subacromiale n'est pas assez élevé pour causer une augmentation de la densité osseuse de l'acromion. La méthode présentée rend possible l'investigation de la pathogénie du défilé du m. supraépineuxin vivo avec une plus grande précision que ce qui a été possible jusqu'alors avec la radiographie conventionnelle.

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Lochmüller, E.M., Maier, U., Anetzberger, H. et al. Determination of subacromial space width and inferior acromial mineralization by 3D CT. Surg Radiol Anat 19, 329–337 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01637604

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