Skip to main content
Log in

A strategy for analyzing multiple parameters with application to aneurysmal SAH patients all of them clipped but treated with and without cyclosporine

  • Clinical Articles
  • Published:
Acta Neurochirurgica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The study evaluated the effectiveness of the combination of nimodipine and cyclosporine A vs nimodipine alone in the prevention of delayed neurologic deficit in 82 (31 plus 51) patients in whom intracranial aneurysms were clipped within 72 h after subarachnoid haemorrhage.

The tests performed included examination of the neurological condition before and after operation, angiography of cerebral arteries to visualize vasospasm, and analysis of the distribution and amount of blood in the brain fluids and/or tissue according to Fisher's scale. Inclusion of cyclosporine A in the treatment was clearly beneficial for the neurological condition.

While cyclosporine A did not appear to produce a statistically significant improvement as evaluated by the chi-square test, a positive result was obtained following analysis of the correlation coefficients after Pearson in combination with the logistic log-linear regression analysis. The results argue against the utility of the chi-square test for verifying clinical data obtained in a limited number of patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bishop YMM, Fienberg SE, Holland PW (1975) Discrete multivariate analysis. Theory and Practice. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass

    Google Scholar 

  2. Commengers D, Dartigues JF, Peytour PH, Puymirat E, Henry P, Gagnon M (1989) A strategy for analysing multiple risk factor with application to cervical pain syndrome. Methods of information in medicine. 28: 14–19

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Daverat P, Castel JP, Dartigues JF, Orgogozo JM (1991) Death and functional outcome after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. A prospective study of 166 cases using multivariate analysis. Stroke 22: 1–6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fisher CM, Kistler JP, Davis JM (1980) Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid visualized by computerized tomographic scanning. Neurosurgery 6: 1–9

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Haberman SJ (1978) Analysis of quantitative data, Vol 1. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  6. Handra Y, Hayashi M, Takeuchi H, Kobayashi J, Kawano H (1990) Effect of immunosuppressive drug on the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in primates. In: Sano K, Takamura K, Kassell NF, Sasaki T (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Conference on Cerebral Vasospasm. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp 379–381

    Google Scholar 

  7. Handra Y, Hayashi M, Takeuchi H, Kabayashi H, Kawano H, Kabuto M (1991) Effect of cyclosporine on the development of cerebral vasospasm in a primate model. Neurosurgery 28: 380–386

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hijdra A, van Gijn J, Nagelkerke NJD, Vermeulen M, van Crevel H (1988) Prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia, rebleeding and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 19: 1250–1256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Jannett B, Bond M (1975) Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. A practical scale. Lancet 1: 480–484

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hunt WE, Kassell N, Pertuiset B, Sano K, Teasdale G, Villiers De JC, Drake CG (1988) Report of World Federation of Neurological Surgeons. Committee on a universal subarachnoid hemorrhage grading scale. J Neurosurg 68: 985–986

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Pellettieri L, Carlsson CA, Lindholm L (1981) Is the vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage an immunoreactive disease? Experientia 37: 1170–1171

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Peterson JW, Kwun B, Nishizawa S, Hackett JD, Zervas NT (1988) Immunoreactivity, immunosuppression, and cerebral vasospasm following SAH. Stroke 19: 132

    Google Scholar 

  13. Peterson JW, Nishizawa S, Hackett JD, Bun T, Teramura A, Zervas NT (1990) Cyclosporine A reduces cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs. Stroke 21: 133–137

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Peterson J, Nishizawa S, Teramura A, Candia G, Bun T, Spanes A, Zervas N (1990) Calmodulin — antagonism and immunosuppression in cerebral vasospasm. In: Sano K, Takakura K, Kassell NF, Sasaki T (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Conference of Cerebral Vasospasm. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp 375–378

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ryba M, Pastuszko M, Bidziński J, Iwańska K, Dziewięcki C (1990) Immunosuppressive treatment reduces the neurological deficit after early clipping of ruptured aneurysm. In: Sano K, Takakura K, Kassell NF, Sasaki T (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Conference of Cerebral Vasospasm. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp 382–384

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ryba M, Pastuszko M, Bidziński J, Iwańska K, Dziewięcki C (1991) Cyclosporine A prevents neurological deterioration of patients with SAH — a preliminary report. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 112: 25–27

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ryba M, Grieb P, Bidziński J, Pastuszko M, Dziewięcki C, Iwańska K (1991) Cyclosporine A for prevention of neurological deficit following subarachnoid hemorrhage in humans. Stroke 22: 531

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ryba M, Iwańska K, Walski M, Pastuszko M (1991) Immunomodulators interfere with angiopathy but not vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rabbits. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 108: 81–84

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sano K, Saito I (1978) Timing and indication of surgery for rupture of intracranial aneurysms with regard to cerebral vasospasm. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 41: 49–60

    Google Scholar 

  20. Sengupta RP, McAllister VL (1986) Vasospasm and neurological condition of the patient. In: Subarachnoid haemorrhage. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 274–275

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ryba, M., Pastuszko, M., Dziewięcki, C. et al. A strategy for analyzing multiple parameters with application to aneurysmal SAH patients all of them clipped but treated with and without cyclosporine. Acta neurochir 122, 194–199 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01405528

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01405528

Keywords

Navigation