Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sporadic bovine meningo-encephalitis-isolation of a paramyxovirus

  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Isolation of a viral agent (107) directly from brain explants of a 15-month-old heifer with symptoms of a sporadic encephalomyelitis is described. The virus shares properties with the paramyxovirus family. It grows in a variety of cell cultures from different species, and induces nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in infected cells. Nucleocapsids measuring 17 nm in diameter were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of these cells when studied electron microscopically, thus indicating a close relationship of the agent to the measles-distemper-rinderpest group.

No infectious virus was released from infected cells, although alignment of nucleocapsids was observed beneath the cell membrane, and no hemagglutinating activity could be detected with the methods employed.

The 107 agent was compared serologically with parainfluenza viruses type 1, 2 and 3, simian virus 5, mumps and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), two bovine respiratory syncytial viruses and measles/subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, distemper and rinderpest viruses, always using 107 virus infected CV1 cells and antiserum of the different viruses in indirect FA tests. Positive FA reactions were observed only with two sera obtained from SSPE patients with high antibody titer to SSPE virus, and with one rabbit-anti-rinderpest serum. The titers of these sera to 107 virus, however, were significantly lower than those against homologous viruses.

Five out of 9 sera from randomly selected healthy cattle showed antibody titers between 1:10 and 1:80 to 107 virus in FA tests. The significance of these results is discussed with respect to the epidemiology of SSPE in children and its possible implication with rinderpest in Europe.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Appel, M. J. G., Gillespie, J. H.: Canine distemper virus. In: Virology Monographs No.11, 1–96 (1972).

  2. Billing, J.: Epizootologische Untersuchungen über sporadisch auftretende, nichteitrige Encephalomyelitiden beim Rind. Vet. Med. Diss. München (1974).

  3. Boothe, A. D., van der Maaten, M. J.: Ultrastructural studies of a visnalike syncytia-producing virus from cattle with lymphocytosis. J. Virol.13, 197–204 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brandt, C. D.: Inclusion body formation with Newcastle disease and mumps viruses in cultures of chick embryo cells. Virology5, 177–191 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brody, J. A., Detels, R.: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: a zoonosis following aberrant measles. Lancetii, 500–501 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Compans, R. W., Holmes, K. V., Dales, S., Choppin, P. W.: An electron microscopic study of moderate and virulent virus-cell interactions of the parainfluenza virus SV-5. Virology30, 411–426 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Croce, C. M., Sawicki, W., Kritchevsky, D., Koprowski, H.: Induction of homokaryocyte, heterokaryocyte and hybrid formation by lysolecithin. Exp. Cell Res.67, 427–435 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  8. De Boer, G. F.: Zwoegerziekte, een persisterende virusinfectie bij schapen. Thesis, Utrecht 1970.

  9. Detels, R., Brody, J. A., McNew, Jane, Edgar, Anne H.: An epidemiologic study of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis suggesting an induced aberrant immunologic mechanism. Lancetii, 11 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Doi, Y., Sanpe, T., Nakajima, M., Okawa, S., Katoh, T., Itoh, H., Sato, T., Oguchi, K., Kumanshi, T., Tsubaki, T.: Properties of a cytopathic agent isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in Japan. Jap. J. med. Sci. Biol.25, 321–333 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dubois-Dalcq, M., Barbosa, L. H., Hamilton, R., Sever, J. L.: Comparison between productive and latent subacute sclerosing panencephalitis viral infectionin vitro. An electron microscopic and immunoperoxidase study. Lab. Invest.30, 241–250 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fankhauser, R.: Sporadische Meningo-Encephalitis beim Rind. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk.103, 225–235 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fatzer, R.: Untersuchungen an Gehirnen tollwutnegativer Haustiere. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk.112, 59–65 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gresser, F., Enders, J. F.: Cytopathogenicity of mumps virus in cultures of chick embryo and human amnion cells. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)107, 804–807 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Howe, C., Morgan, C., de Vaux St. Cyr, C., Hsu, K. C., Rose, H. M.: Morphogenesis of type 2 parainfluenza virus examined by light and electron microscopy. J. Virol.1, 215 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ito, Y., Tanaka, Y., Inaba, Y., Omori, T.: Structure of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.40, 198–204 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Iwasaki, Y., Koprowski, H.: Cell-to-cell transmission of virus in the central nervous system: 1. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Lab. Invest.31, 187–196 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Iwasaki, Y., Koprowski, H., Müller, D., ter Meulen, V., Käckell, Y. M.: Morphogenesis and structure of a virus in cells cultured from brain tissue from two cases of multiple sclerosis. Lab. Invest.28, 494–500 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Katz, M., Koprowski, H.: The significance of failure to isolate infectious viruses in cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.41, 390–393 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Katz, M., Oyanagi, S., Koprowski, H.: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis; structure resembling myxovirus nucleocapsids in cells cultured from brains. Nature (Lond.)222, 888–890 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kuhn, N. O., Harford, C. G.: Electron microscopic examination of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in cells infected with parainfluenza virus type 2. Virology21, 527 to 530 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lopez, C., Eklund, C. M., Hadlow, W. J.: Tissue culture studies of the virus of progressive pneumonia, a slow infectious disease of sheep. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)138, 1035–1040 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Malmquist, W. A., van der Maaten, M. J., Boothe, A. D.: Isolation, immunodiffusion, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy of a syncytial virus of lymphosarcomatous and apparently normal cattle. Cancer Res.29, 188–200 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Meulen, V. ter, Katz, M., Müller, D.: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.57, 1–38 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Meulen, V. ter, Leonhard, L. L., Lenette, E., Koprowski, H.: Ein neuer serologischer Test zur Diagnostik der subakuten sklerotisierenden Panencephalitis. Mschr. Kinderheilk.119, 322–324 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Müller, D., ter Meulen, V.: Immunhistologische, feingewebliche und neurochemische Untersuchungen bei Encephalitiden. II. Die subakute, progressive Panencephalitis. Neurohistologische und histochemische Studien. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)12, 227–243 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Nakai, T., Shand, F. L., Howatson, A. F.: Development of measles virusin vitro. Virology38, 50–67 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Paccaud, M. F., Jaquier, Cl.: A respiratory syncytial virus of bovine origin. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.30, 327–342 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Plowright, W.: Rinderpest virus. In: Virology Monogr. No.3, 87 (1968).

  30. Plowright, W., Cruickshank, J. G., Waterson, A. P.: The morphology of rinderpest virus. Virology17, 118–122 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Reczko, E., Bögel, K.: Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über das Verhalten eines vom Kalb isolierten Parainfluenza-3 Virus in Kälbernieren. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.12, 404–420 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Shaver, D. N., Bussell, R. H., Barron, A. L.: Comparative cytopathology of canine distemper and measles virus in ferret kidney cell cultures. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.15, 487–498 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Sigurdsson, B.: Maedi, a slow progressive pneumonia of sheep; an epizootological and pathological study. Brit. vet. J.110, 255–270 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Sigurdsson, B., Palsson, P. A., Grimson, H.: Visna, a demyelinating transmissible disease of sheep. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.16, 389–403 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  35. Tajima, M., Motohashi, T., Kishi, S., Nakamura, J.: A comparative electron microscopic study on the morphogenesis of canine distemper and rinderpest virus. Jap. J. vet. Sci.33, 1 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Thein, P., Mayr, A., ter Meulen, V., Koprowski, H., Käckell, M. Y., Müller, D., Meyermann, R.: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Transmission of the virus to calves and lambs. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.)27, 540–548 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Vittoz, R.: Report of the director on the scientific and technical activities of the Office International des Epizooties. Off. int. Epizoot. Paris (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Vogel, J., Shelokov, A.: Adsorption-hemagglutination test for influenza virus in monkey kidney tissue culture. Science126, 358–359 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Waterson, A. P.: Measles virus. Arch. ges. Virusforsch.16, 57–80 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Wildy, P.: Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Monogr. in Virol.5, 47 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases of Animals, University of Munich, Germany

    P. A. Bachmann, G. Jentsch & A. Mayr

  2. Institute of Virology, University of Würzburg, Germany

    V. ter Meulen & M. Appel

  3. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, USA

    Y. Iwasaki & H. Koprowski

  4. Department of Neuropathology, University of Göttingen, Germany

    R. Meyermann

Authors
  1. P. A. Bachmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. ter Meulen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. G. Jentsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Appel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Y. Iwasaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. R. Meyermann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. H. Koprowski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. A. Mayr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

With 6 Figures

Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant No. Ba 416/2, Me 260/10, the World Health Organization, NS 11036 from the National Inst. Neur. Dis. and Stroke, The National MS Society, and the John A. Hartford Foundation, Inc.

M. Appel is on sabbatical leave from the Veterinary Virus Research Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., U.S.A.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bachmann, P.A., ter Meulen, V., Jentsch, G. et al. Sporadic bovine meningo-encephalitis-isolation of a paramyxovirus. Archives of Virology 48, 107–120 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01318144

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01318144

Keywords

Search

Navigation