Summary
Voluntary uptake of triolein, margarine, and lipid-rich natural food (Tubifex) by fasting dragonfly larvae (Aeshna cyanea) led to heavy accumulations of lipid absorption droplets in the enterocytes within 2 days, while subsequent lipid clearance of the midgut epithelium took several weeks depending on the ingested lipid load. No endocytotic lipid uptake was observed after application of a molecular-dispersed fat dye. The smallest lipid droplets first appeared in the subapical groundplasm of the enterocytes and showed a reversible increase in size on their way towards the base. Lipid droplets were also observed at appropriate intervals after oral administration of oleic acid, after feeding margarine in the cold, and after injection of triolein into the isolated midgut.
Comparative biochemical analysis after triolein feeding evidenced release of lipase and hydrolytic liberation of FA from TG in the midgut lumen, as well as time-dependent accumulations of TG in the midgut epithelium and of DG in the hemolymph.
Oral injection of [14C] oleic acid was followed by its rapid absorption into the midgut epithelium, where it was utilized for the synthesis of MG and esterification to DG and TG. Discharge of radioactive lipid into the hemolymph occurred in the form of FA and DG, while the rectal fat body showed approximately equal labeling of the FA, DG, and TG fractions.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AG:
-
acylglycerol
- DG:
-
diacylglycerol
- ER:
-
endoplasmic reticulum
- FA:
-
fatty acid
- MG:
-
monoacylglycerol
- TG:
-
triacylglycerol
References
Andries, J. C., 1970: Activité des nids de régénération de l'intestin moyen de la larve d'Aeshna cyanea au cours d'un cycle digestif. J. Insect. Physiol.16, 1961–1973.
Arnold, J. W., 1974: The hemocytes of insects. In: The physiology of insects, Vol. V (Rockstein, M., ed.). London-New York: Academic Press.
Ashworth, C. T., Stembridge, V. A., Sanders, E., 1960: Lipid absorption, transport, and hepatic assimilation studied with electron microscopy. Am. J. Physiol.198, 1326–1328.
Bergener, M., 1962: Die Feinstruktur des Dünndarmepithels wÄhrend der physiologischen Milchresorption beim jungen Goldhamster. Z. Zellforsch.57, 428–472.
Berridge, M. J., 1970: A structural analysis of intestinal absorption. Insect ultrastructure (Neville, A. C., ed.), pp. 135–151. Oxford: Blackwell.
Biedermann, W., 1898: BeitrÄge zur vergleichenden Physiologie der Verdauung. I. Die Verdauung der Larve vonTenebrio molitor. Arch. ges. Physiol.72, 105–162.
Bongers, J., 1970: Die Carbohydrasen und Esterasen in Speicheldrüsen und Mitteldarm vonOncopeltus fasciatus Dall. (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae). Z. vgl. Physiol.70, 382–400.
- 1975: Der ernÄhrungsphysiologische Funktionstyp einer seminisugen Heteroptere. Habil.Schrift Math. Nat. Fak. Univ. Bonn.
—,Eggermann, W., 1975: Lipidstoffwechsel, Wasserhaushalt und Reservestoffwechsel bei Nahrungsmangel vonOncopeltus fasciatus. Insect Biochem.5, 1–14.
—,Fischer, W., 1980: Einbau von [1-14C] ölsÄure in Acylglycerin-Verbindungen beiOncopeltus fasciatus. Zool. Jb. Physiol.84, 240–255.
Buschmann, R. J., Manke, D. J., 1981: Morphometric analysis of the membranes and organelles of small intestinal enterocytes. II. Lipid-fed hamster. J. Ultrastruct. Res.76, 15–26.
Cardell, R. R., Badenhausen, S., Porter, K. R., 1967: Intestinal triglyceride absorption in the rat. An electron microscopical study. J. Cell Biol.34, 123–155.
Carlier, H., 1971: Absorption en fonction du temps par un segment d'intestin de rat in situ de monopalmitine, d'acide palmitique et d'acide oléique tritié. Etude cytologique et radioautographique au microscope électronique, étude biochimique. J. Microscopie12, 193–204.
—,Bezard, J., 1975: Electron microscope autoradiographic study of intestinal absorption of decanoic and octanoic acids in the rat. J. Cell Biol.65, 383–397.
Dadd, R. H., 1970: Digestion in insects. In: Chemical zoology, Vol. V (Florkin, M., Scheer, B. T., eds.), pp. 117–145. New York-London: Academic Press.
Downer, R. G. H., 1978: Functional role of lipids in insects. In: Biochemistry of insects (Rockstein, M., ed.), pp. 57–92. New York-San Francisco-London: Academic Press.
Gilbert, L. I., 1967: Lipid metabolism and function in insects. In: Adv. insect physiology, Vol. 4 (Beament, J. W. L., Treherne, J. E., Wigglesworth, V. B., eds.), pp. 69–211. London-New York: Academic Press.
Hofmann, A. F., Borgström, B., 1962: Physico-chemical state of lipids in intestinal content during their digestion and absorption. Federation Proc.21, 43–50.
House, H. L., 1974: Digestion. In: The physiology of insecta, Vol. V (Rockstein, M., ed.), pp. 63–117. New York-London: Academic Press.
Johnston, J. M., Borgström, B., 1964: The intestinal absorption and metabolism of micellar solutions of lipids. Biochim. biophys. Acta84, 412–423.
Komnick, H., 1982: The rectum of larval dragonflies as jet-engine, respirator, fuel depot and ion pump. Adv. Odonatol.1, 69–91.
—,Bongers, J., Fischer, W., 1982: Lipid absorption in the midgut of larvalAeshna cyanea. Adv. Odonatol.1, 93–104.
Lacy, D., Taylor, A. B., 1962: Fat absorption by epithelial cells of the small intestine of the rat. Amer. J. Anat.110, 155–185.
Ladman, A. J., Padykula, H. A., Strauss, E. W., 1963: A morphological study of the fat transport in the normal human jejunum. Amer. J. Anat.112, 389–420.
Mangold, K. M., 1967: Isotopentechnik. In: Dünnschicht-chromatographie (Stahl, E., ed.). Ein Laboratoriumshandbuch. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer.
Marenus, K. D., Sjöstrand, F. S., 1982: The effects of different concentrations of administered fat on the structure of columnar cells in the small intestine. J. Ultrastruct. Res.79, 110–120.
Mattenheimer, H., 1966: Mikromethoden für das klinischchemische und biochemische Laboratorium. Berlin: W. de Gruyter.
Moens, J., 1975: Changes of haemolymph volume in larvae ofAnax imperator Leach andAeshna cyanea (Müller) during starvation in different experimental media (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae). Odonatologica4, 219–224.
Needham, J. G., 1898: The digestive epithelium of dragonfly nymphs. Zool. Bull.1, 103–113.
Palay, S. L., Karlin, L. J., 1959: An electron microscopic study of the intestinal villus. II. The pathway of fat absorption. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol.5, 373–384.
—,Revel, J. P., 1964: The morphology of fat absorption. In: Lipid transport (Meng, H. C., ed.), pp. 1–11. Springfield, Ill.: Ch. C Thomas.
Rostgaard, J., Barrnett, R. J., 1965: Fine structural observations of the absorption of lipid particles in the small intestine of the rat. Anat. Rec.152, 325–349.
Sabesin, S. M., Frase, S., 1977: Electron microscopic studies on the assembly, intracellular transport, and secretion of chylomicrons by rat intestine. J. Lipid Res.18, 496–511.
Senior, J. R., 1964: Intestinal absorption of fats. J. Lipid Res.5, 495–521.
Sire, M.-F., Vernier, J.-M., 1981: Etude ultrastructurale de la synthèse de chylomicrons au cours de l'absorption intestinale des lipides chez la Truite. Influence de la nature des acides gras ingérés. Biol. Cell40, 47–62.
Strauss, E. W., 1966: Electron microscopic study of intestinal fat absorptionin vitro, from mixed micelles containing linolenic acid, monoolein, and bile salt. J. Lipid Res.7, 307–323.
—,Ito, S., 1965: Autoradiographic and biochemical study of linolenic acid-C14 absorption by hamster intestine from mixed micellesin vitro. J. Cell Biol.27, 101 A.
Treherne, J. E., 1967: Gut absorption. Ann. Rev. Entomol.12, 43–58.
Turunen, S., 1975: Absorption and transport of dietary lipid inPieris brassicae. J. Insect Physiol.21, 1521–1529.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Dr. R.Lehmensick, Bonn, in honor of his 85th birthday.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Komnick, H., Kukulies, J., Bongers, J. et al. Absorption of dietary triacylglycerol by lipolysis and lipid resynthesis in the mesenteron of larvalAeshna cyanea (insecta, odonata) . Protoplasma 123, 57–69 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01283182
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01283182