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Polyoxymethylene prepared by γ-ray-induced polymerization of tetraoxymethylene single crystal

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Summary

In order to prepare a large single crystal, tetraoxymethylene recrystallized by distilled water adjusted to pH 8 was sealed in an ampoule at a reduced pressure of 1 mm Hg and was crystallized in a furnace with the temperature gradient of 6 °C/cm. The lowering rate of the ampoule was required to be 6 cm/day for preparing the single crystal with 1 cm diameter and to be 3 cm/day for one with 2 cm diameter. The optimum angle at the pointing end of the ampoule, where a seed crystal is formed, was about 40°. The b-axis of the obtained single crystal was parallel to the direction of the crystal growth i. e. the wall of the ampoule. It was polymerized byγ-ray under conditions which prevent the growth of the twin crystal. The obtained polyoxymethylene was porous, because the polymerization yield of 100% could not be attained. However, it was so tough that a specimen for measurements could be cut down by a diamond cutter. Its fiber axis was parallel to the direction of the wall of the ampoule. It did not contain the so-called amorphous regions, although it did contain defects. It was characterized with the extremely high orientation of the polymer chains.

Zusammenfassung

Zur Präparierung großer Einkristalle wurde rekristallisiertes Tetraoxymethylen in destilliertem Wasser von pH 8 in eine Ampulle bei einem reduzierten Quecksilberdruck von 1 mm eingefüllt und in einem Ofen mit einem Temperaturgradienten von 6 °C/cm kristallisiert. Die Abkühlgeschwindigkeit der Ampulle betrug etwa 6 cm/Tag für die Präparation eines Einkristalls mit 1 cm Ø und 3 cm/Tag für einen solchen mit 2 cm Ø. Der optimale Winkel am spitzen Ende der Ampulle, wo der Keimkristall gebildet wird, betrug etwa 40°. Dieb-Achse des Einkristalls war parallel zur Wachstumsrichtung, d. h. zur Wand der Ampulle.

Der Kristall wurde durch Röntgenstrahlen polymerisiert unter Bedingungen, die das Wachsen eines Zwillingskristalls vermeiden. Das erhaltene Polyoxymethylen war porös, doch konnte eine Polymerisationsausbeute von 100% nicht erhalten werden. Doch war der Einkristall so zäh, daß für Messungen eine Probe mit dem Diamantschneider abgeschnitten werden konnte. Die Faserachse war parallel zur Wandrichtung der Ampulle. Das kristalline Material enthielt keine sogenannten amorphen Bereiche, allerdings Defekte. Es war durch extrem hohe Orientierungen der Polymerketten charakterisiert.

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We are greatly indebted to Dr.Y. Miyake of Mitsui Toatsu Co., Ltd. for providing the tetraoxymethylene. Thanks are to due Dr.M. Nishii of Osaka Laboratories, Japan Association for Radiation Research on Polymer for the radiation polymerization, to Mr.T. Tsukihara for the X-ray measurement, and to Mrs.H. Tanaka for the help with the electron microscopy. We are also grateful to Prof.S. Seki for offering the use of differential scanning calorimeter.

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Tanaka, A., Uemura, S. & Ishida, Y. Polyoxymethylene prepared by γ-ray-induced polymerization of tetraoxymethylene single crystal. Kolloid-Z.u.Z.Polymere 243, 3–6 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01500607

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