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The determination of aldehydes in the exhaust gases of LPG fuelled engines

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Summary

The exhaust gas of a LPG fuelled engine is drawn through two bubblers in series in an ice bath, and filled with saturated 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in 2M HCl. After heating the derivatives are extracted with toluene-cyclohexane and 1μl samples injected “on-column” on a OV1 capillary column. Using an FID the lower limit of detection is 15–18 pg for formaldehyde (about 8–10 ppbv for a 16l exhaust sample). Taking the blank into account, the limit is about 40 ppbv.

The exhaust gases of a LPG-fuelled engine contain formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, acrolein and acetone. Carbonyl compounds of more than 3 C-atoms were not found in detectable amounts. The engine was rund under stoichiometric, lean and rich air/fuel conditions. Under rich conditions the concentrations of the aldehydes were: formaldehyde 2.8 ppm, acetaldehyde 1.3 ppm, propionaldehyde 0.06 ppm, acrolein 0.03 ppm, acetone 0.17 ppm; under stoichiometric conditions: 4.5, 1.6, 0.10, 0.03 and 0.18 ppm respectively; under lean conditions 17.0, 2.9, 0.13, 0.07 and 0.27 ppm respectively. These figures demonstrate the necessity of measuring aldehydes in exhaust gases of LPG-fuelled engines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Chemical Technology, Laboratory for Instrumental Analysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

    G. A. Rutten & J. A. Rijks

  2. Dept. Mechanical Engineering, Section Product Design and Construction, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, NL-5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

    C. W. J. Burtner & H. Visser

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  1. G. A. Rutten
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  2. C. W. J. Burtner
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  3. H. Visser
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  4. J. A. Rijks
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Rutten, G.A., Burtner, C.W.J., Visser, H. et al. The determination of aldehydes in the exhaust gases of LPG fuelled engines. Chromatographia 26, 274–280 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268166

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