A method for the measurement of proton beam energies below 400 keV

doi:10.1016/0029-554X(75)90329-8

Nuclear Instruments and Methods

Volume 131, Issue 2, 24 December 1975, Pages 263-266

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Abstract

In the region 180≤E_p≤300 keV, in which there is no convenient proton beam-energy calibration reaction, we have studied a method for determining proton beam energies, with a precision of about ±1.5 keV, by measuring the energy of the gamma rays emitted in the ¹²C(p,γ₀)¹³N reaction.

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A Modified activation method for reaction total cross section and yield measurements at low astrophysically relevant energies
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Citation Excerpt :
In [17] the yield of the reaction was measured in the energy range of 0.4–2.5 MeV by detecting the annihilation γ-quanta with scintillation detector using a thick graphite target. Earlier, the energy dependence of the total cross section was studied by the “prompt” γ-quanta detection [12,18–22]. This paper describes the main characteristics of the experimental setup (Part 2), the proposed measurement procedure (Part 3) as well as the experimental data treatment and obtaining the yields of the studied reaction (Part 4).
The activation method is proposed for collection of the sufficient statistics during the investigation of the nuclear astrophysical reactions at low energies with the short-living residual nuclei formation. The main feature is a multiple cyclical irradiation of a target by an ion beam and measurement of the radioactivity decay curve. The method was tested by the yield measurement of the ¹²C(p,γ)¹³N reaction with detecting the annihilation γγ- coincidences from ¹³N(β⁺ν)¹³C decay at the two-arm scintillation spectrometer.
Energy calibration methods for cyclotron proton beams between 3 and 4 MeV
1993, Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B
Analysing techniques such as (μ)PIXE (mu particle induced X-ray emission) and (μ)RBS (mu Rutherford or nuclear backscattering spectroscopy) now are widely used for the quantitative determination of the concentration of elements in a variety of samples. Proton beams with energies around 3 MeV are preferably used for this purpose. For the calculation of the concentration it is necessary that the energy of the proton beam be well known. In this paper we present three nuclear calibration methods for use with cyclotrons: a resonant reaction, a combination of elastic and inelastic scattering and a (p, α) reaction. The energy of the Eindhoven cyclotron proton beam around 3 MeV has been determined to be (62 ±18) keV lower than the nominal value.
Remeasurement of the low-energy cross section for the 15N(p, α<inf>0</inf>)12C reaction
1979, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The cross section for the $^{15} N(p, α_{0})^{12} C$ reaction has been measured at θ_lab = 135° over the proton energy range 93 ≦ E_p ≦ 418 keV. The results are in good agreement with the less precise but much earlier measurements of Schardt, Fowler and Lauritsen (1952). An analysis of the present data in terms of a two-level calculation including the 338 keV (1⁻) and 1028 keV (1⁻) resonances determines a zero-energy intercept for the astrophysical S-factor of S(0) = 78 ± 6 MeV · b.
A precise determination of the 12C(p,γ)13N reaction Q-value
1977, Nuclear Instruments and Methods
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^☆: Supported in part by the National Science Foundation [MPS71-02670 A05].

^†: Present address: Niels Bohr Institute, DK2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.

⁺: Permanent address: Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, U.S.A.

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods

Abstract

References (12)

Nucl. Phys.

Nucl. Phys.

Nucl. Phys.

Nucl. Phys.

Nucl. Phys.

Nucl. Phys.

Cited by (7)

A Modified activation method for reaction total cross section and yield measurements at low astrophysically relevant energies

Energy calibration methods for cyclotron proton beams between 3 and 4 MeV

Remeasurement of the low-energy cross section for the <sup>15</sup>N(p, α<inf>0</inf>)<sup>12</sup>C reaction

A precise determination of the <sup>12</sup>C(p,γ)<sup>13</sup>N reaction Q-value

Radiative capture reactions in nuclear astrophysics

Current status of nuclear astrophysics

A method for the measurement of proton beam energies below 400 keV☆

Abstract

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