Superheated superconducting suspension as transition radiation detector

doi:10.1016/0029-554X(76)90027-6

Nuclear Instruments and Methods

Volume 138, Issue 2, 15 October 1976, Pages 213-226

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Abstract

We describe a new particle detector which utilizes a suspension of superheated superconducting granules. When irradiated with relativistic electrons with energy E_e<2 GeV, the detector shows a linear rise of the signal with particle energy. However, for electrons with energies 2<E_e<6 GeV the signal is shown to increase quadratically with energy. The possibilities of using such a transition radiation detector for particle identification and electron energy measurement are discussed.

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Cited by (13)

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The superheated superconducting colloid: A new particle detector
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The use of micron sized superconducting grains in the search for “dark matter” is discussed. Cosmions and massive neutrinos could produce count rates up to 10⁶ per kg of active detector per day, and the signal could be differentiated from the background by the modulation produced by the Earth's motion around the Sun.
We report a radiation test of a small superheated superconducting colloid in which 90 KeV γ-rays were detected using an rf SQUID. Individual “flips” of 5 μm radius grains were observed with a signal/noise ratio of 10.
On the possible application of superheated, superconducting colloid as a synchrotron radiation detector
1982, Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research
Superheated, superconducting colloid (SSC) is a new particle detector, which consists of small, a few microns diameter, metal grains immersed in plastic. When irradiated, the grains change state; this effect is due to local heating caused by the photon absorbtion.
The SSC may be used in photon-after-photon mode, in which the sensing of the change of state of a single grain is possible by using the read-out electronics similar to that used in MWPC; the submillimetric spatial resolution and fluxes of 10⁸ photons/s are possible in a one dimensional detector.
For x-y position sensitive detectors integrating read-out is more appropriate; the change of magnetic permeability of a given pixel is proportional to the total number of photons absorbed in it. A detector with the following properties could be built:
A new detector of neutrons
1978, Nuclear Instruments and Methods
A new neutron detector - the neutron sensitive dielectric loaded with grains of superconductor was studied. This very preliminary tests suggest that
- - the superheated superconducting colloid loaded with natural boron compound, B₄C, detects neutrons;
- - the rejection of about 100 keV gamma backgrounds is excellent.
Superheated superconducting colloid as total absorption detector - preliminary calculations
1978, Nuclear Instruments and Methods
A new detector for the measurement of energy by total absorption based on the use of superheated superconducting colloid (SSC) is described. The use of superconducting grains immersed in very heavy material, e.g. tungsten carbide, leads to a medium with very high density, ϱ≈ 15 g/cm³, and very small radiation length, X₀ ≈ 0.4 cm. The SSC is equivalent to a thin plates sandwich with plates thickness ≤ 0.01 X₀ which insures that sampling fluctuations are very small. With a detector large enough, i.e. when the energy leakage from the sides and back of the absorber is negligible, the energy resolution ΔE/E ≈ 3.0%/√E is expected. It should be possible to use the described detector even for very low energy particles, e.g. ΔE/E ≈ 10% at E ≈ 100 MeV. The submillimetric intrinsic spatial resolution of the SSC setector and the small radiation length makes possible the measurement of the coordinates of γ-quantum with precision ΔX ≈ ΔY ≈ 1–2 mm.
Transition radiation spectra from randomly spaced interfaces
1977, Nuclear Instruments and Methods
Spectra of X-ray transition radiation (XTR) were measured, which were emitted in the passage of relativistic electrons through different samples of polyethylene foam. Based on the good agreement with absolute theoretical predictions, possible TR detectors are optimized for the Lorentz factor γ_{L range}γL=200−1000. Such radiations are predicted to offer useful discrimination between pions, kaons, and protons with momenta above 100 GeV/c.

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Superheated superconducting suspension as transition radiation detector

Abstract

Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

Lett. Nuovo Cimento

Y.P.I.T.P.-13

Sov. Phys. JETP

Sov. Phys. Doklady

Sov. Phys. JETP

Zh. Eksper. Teor. Fiz.

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Phys. Lett.

Phys. Lett.

Phys. Lett.