Qualitative description of nuclear collectivity

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(67)90455-1

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 91, Issue 1, January 1967, Pages 123-132

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Abstract

The characteristic feature of many types of collective states in the shell model is a spatial correlation between particles and holes. Several examples are discussed, which clarify the relation between different types of collectivity.

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Spatial correlations in collective density modes
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Two-and four-particle surface clusterization in heavy deformed nuclei
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We study the problem of the influence of the pairing interaction on two- and four-particle surface correlations in deformed nuclei. Taking the overlap between the two- or four-particle wave function and a di-nucleon or alpha-particle wave function, respectively, one obtains cluster probability distributions, as functions of the center-of-mass coordinate of the considered particles. For particles moving in pure Nilsson orbits the probability is localized in the intrinsic frame in different region of the nuclear surface, according to the K-quantum numbers of the considered orbitals. The inclusion of the pairing interaction leads to a probability distributed over the entire surface but at the same time to values of the total spectroscopic factors orders of magnitude larger than those associated with pure Nilsson orbits.
Quenching of the mass operator associated with collective states in many-body systems
1983, Nuclear Physics, Section A
Giant resonances are understood as superposition of particle-hole excitations. The empirical systematics indicates that the associated spreading widths are considerably smaller than the sum of typical widths of single-particle and single-hole states, and that the centroid energy is in good agreement with the RPA predictions. These results imply a destructive interference between the different contributions to the mass operator associated with collective vibrations. We study the properties of the mechanism responsible for this quenching by inspecting contributions to the mass operator in the semiclassical limit of large single-particle angular momenta.
Pair exchange reactions
1981, Physics Letters B
The possibility of using the pair (or double charge) exchange reactions to populate interesting — and sometimes elusive — collective excitation modes is studied. Two estimates of the cross sections are made: one is an approximation of the reaction amplitudes built upon the experimental two-nucleon transfer intensities and the other is based on a more detailed DWBA calculation. Both confirm the fact that this type of processes may turn out to be a useful spectroscopic tool.
Elementary modes of excitation in the 204Pb(t, p)206Pb REACTION
1974, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The ²⁰⁴Pb(t, p)²⁰⁶Pb reaction has been performed at a bombarding energy of 20 MeV. Angular distributions using solid-state counters and a magnetic spectrograph were obtained for levels up to 8 MeV of excitation. A strong correlation is found between the recorded ²⁰⁶Pb spectrum and the spectrum observed in the ²⁰⁶Pb(t, p)²⁰⁸Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb(t, p)²⁰⁹Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb(t, p)²¹⁰Pb reactions. This correlation provides further support for the existence of multipole pairing quanta. These elementary excitations together with multipole surface modes can then be viewed as the basic building blocks of the spectrum around the closed shell nucleus ²⁰⁸Pb.
An experimental and theoretical investigation of the structure of 210Pb
1972, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The ²⁰⁸Pb(t, p)²¹⁰Pb reaction has been performed at a bombarding energy of 20 MeV. Angular distributions using solid-state counters and a magnetic spectrograph were obtained for levels up to 5 MeV of excitation. The different transitions are interpreted in terms of multipole pair addition modes, and support for the existence of multipole pairing fields is obtained from the analysis. The data are also compared with calculations using realistic force wave functions. No new correlations from the latter calculations not already present in the multipole pairing description were found. Special attention is paid to the transition to the 3⁻ state at 1.869 MeV which has a large component of the two-phonon state ¦3⁻ (²⁰⁸Pb) ⊗ g.s. (²¹⁰Pb)〉. It is shown that both ground state correlations and indirect transfer processes have to be invoked to explain the data. The two-step processes are treated in the coupled-channel Born approximation.

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^†: National Science Foundation Fellow. Present address: Palmer Physical Laboratory, Princeton, N.J.

^††: Fellow of Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Fisica.

^†††: Permanent address:Zentralinstitut fúKernforschung, Rossendorf bei Dresden, Germany(GDR).

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Nuclear Physics A

Abstract

References (14)

Nuclear Physics

Nuclear Physics

Nuclear Physics

Repts. Progr. Phys.

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Nuclear Physics

Cited by (31)

Spatial correlations in collective density modes

Two-and four-particle surface clusterization in heavy deformed nuclei

Quenching of the mass operator associated with collective states in many-body systems

Pair exchange reactions

Elementary modes of excitation in the <sup>204</sup>Pb(t, p)<sup>206</sup>Pb REACTION

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the structure of <sup>210</sup>Pb