Thermal-neutron-capture studies on 135Ba

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(93)90303-F

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 551, Issue 1, 4 January 1993, Pages 54-72

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Abstract

The nucleus ¹³⁵Ba has been studied via primary, secondary γ-rays, γγ coincidences following thermal-neutron capture. A level scheme was established up to 3.7 MeV consisting of 41 levels including 114 γ-transitions. The neutron binding energy was determined to be 6971.78(17) keV. The total thermal cross section and isomer production of the $112$ ⁻ state were determined to be $σ(tot) = 1.4(4) and σ(^{135} Ba) = 0.11(2)$ barn. The level energies, E2 and M1 transitions and electromagnetic moments were compared with model predictions of the interacting boson-fermion model (IBFM).

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Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 135
2008, Nuclear Data Sheets
The evaluated experimental data are presented for 17 known nuclides of mass 135 (In, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb). For ¹³⁵In, ¹³⁵Eu, ¹³⁵Gd and ¹³⁵Tb, only the half-lives and isotopic identifications are established without any knowledge of their level structures and β decay schemes. Extensive high-spin structures are known for ¹³⁵Te, ¹³⁵I, ¹³⁵Ba, ¹³⁵La, ¹³⁵Ce, ¹³⁵Pr, ¹³⁵Nd, ¹³⁵Pm and ¹³⁵Sm; including a superdeformed structure in ¹³⁵Nd. Only limited high-spin data are available for ¹³⁵Sb and the data for ¹³⁵La are from a thesis only. Neutron capture γ-ray data are available in detail for ¹³⁵Ba (thermal and resonance energies) and marginally for ¹³⁵Cs (thermal neutrons). Single particle-transfer data exist for ¹³⁵Xe and ¹³⁵Ba; and marginally for ¹³⁵I and ¹³⁵La. In the opinion of the evaluators, the decay schemes from β decays of ¹³⁵Sn, ¹³⁵Xe, ¹³⁵Pr, ¹³⁵Pm isomers and ¹³⁵Sm are not well established. The absolute level energies in ¹³⁵Pm and ¹³⁵Sm are not known. This work supersedes earlier (1998Se07,1987Se11,1975He12) evaluations of A = 135.
Nuclear structure studies of 125Te with (n,γ), (d,p) and (3He,α) reactions
1999, Nuclear Physics A
Levels in ¹²⁵Te were investigated in the range up to 3.3 MeV excitation energy by the (n,γ), (d,p) and (³He,α) reactions. Over 160 levels and about 360 γ-transitions were established, most for the first time. The states below 2.3 MeV with the most complete spectroscopic information were interpreted in terms of the interacting boson-fermion model (IBFM). Unitary treatment of both positive- and negative-parity states is achieved with the same model parameter close to the intermediate case between O(6) and U(5) limits. Excitation energies, electromagnetic transition rates, γ-branchings and spectroscopic factors are discussed in connection with the possible structures. A family of low-spin negative-parity states has been identified and understood by the IBFM proving their antialigned origin.
Nuclear data sheets for A = 135
1998, Nuclear Data Sheets
The evaluated experimental data are presented for 15 known nuclides of mass 135 (Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd). Excited state data are nonexistent for¹³⁵Sn,¹³⁵Sb,¹³⁵Eu and¹³⁵Gd. High spin excitations are known for¹³⁵Te,¹³⁵I,¹³⁵Ba,¹³⁵La,¹³⁵Ce,¹³⁵Pr,¹³⁵Nd,¹³⁵Pm and¹³⁵Sm; including a superdeformed structure in¹³⁵Nd. Neutron capture γ-ray data are available for¹³⁵Ba (thermal and resonance neutrons) and¹³⁵Cs (thermal neutrons). Single particle-transfer data exist for¹³⁵I,¹³⁵Xe,¹³⁵Ba and¹³⁵La. Nuclides¹³⁵In and¹³⁵Cd have not yet been identified but included in theoretial calculations of 96Bo11 and 97Bo24, respectively. The¹³⁵In nuclide islisted with T_1/2(from syst) = 100 ms (97Au04), 89 ms (97Mo25) and Jπ (from syst) = 9/2+ (97Au04, 97Mo25). This work supersedes earlier (87Se11, 75He12) evaluations of A = 135.
Evolution from spherical to various deformed shapes in the odd-odd 136<inf>59</inf>Pr<inf>77</inf> nucleus
1996, Nuclear Physics A
The level scheme of the doubly odd ¹³⁶Pr nucleus has been investigated via the ¹³⁶Ce(p,n), ¹²²Sn(¹⁹F,5n) and ¹¹⁰Pd(³⁰Si,p3n) reactions at beam energies of 14, 84 and 125 MeV, respectively. A complex decay scheme has been established for the 90 ns isomeric level with E_x = 594.7 keV and J^π = 6⁺. The two previously reported bands, one based on the $πh_{112} ⊗ νh_{112}$ configuration and one with suggested negative parity consisting of only dipole transitions, have been extended at higher spins and connected firmly to the 6⁺ isomer. Six new bands have been also identified: two consist of strong dipole and crossover quadrupole transitions, whereas the other four, very weakly populated, consist of only quadrupole transitions. The observed level structures are compared to theoretical calculations performed within the interacting boson model for odd-odd nuclei (IBFFM) and the cranked shell model. The experimental $B (M1) B (E2)$ ratios of the yrast band are well reproduced by the IBFFM calculations, while those of the other semi-decoupled structures are in good agreement with the values obtained from the semiclassical model of Dönau.
Particle-hole states in 138Ba
1995, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The thermal-neutron-capture gamma rays and γγ-coincidences were measured by means of Ge detectors. Using primary and secondary (n, γ) data, the level scheme of ¹³⁸Ba was established with 63 levels up to an excitation energy of 5 MeV. The level energies and (d, p) transfer data were compared with model predictions of the interacting boson-fermion-fermion model. As shown, this model provides a basic understanding of the neutron particle-hole states of ¹³⁸Ba in the energy range of 3.5 – 5.0 MeV.
Levels of 137Ba studied with neutron-induced reactions
1995, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The nucleus ¹³⁷Ba has been studied via primary and secondary γ-rays as well as γγ-coincidences following thermal-neutron capture and inelastic neutron scattering. A level scheme was established up to 4.7 MeV consisting of 37 levels including 91 transitions. The neutron binding energy was determined to be 6905.59(8) keV. The thermal-neutron-capture cross section and isomer production of the $112^{−}$ state at 661.6 keV were determined to be 0.65_−0.04^+0.08 and 0.0098(4) b respectively. The experimental data on excitation energies and electromagnetic properties are compared with predictions of the SU(5) limit of the interacting boson-fermion model. A satisfactorily good agreement between experiment and theory can be stated.

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Nuclear Physics A

Abstract

References (29)

JINR preprint, P15-82-706

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Symmetries and nuclear structure

Rev. Mod. Phys.

Z. Phys.

J. of Phys.

J. of Phys.

Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Fiz.

Yad. Fiz.

Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Fiz.

Lat. PSR Zināt. Akad. Vēstis, Fiz. Teh. Sēr.

J. of Phys.

Phys. Rev.

Rev. Roum. Phys.

Cited by (13)

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 135

Nuclear structure studies of <sup>125</sup>Te with (n,γ), (d,p) and (<sup>3</sup>He,α) reactions

Nuclear data sheets for A = 135

Evolution from spherical to various deformed shapes in the odd-odd <sup>136</sup><inf>59</inf>Pr<inf>77</inf> nucleus

Particle-hole states in <sup>138</sup>Ba

Levels of <sup>137</sup>Ba studied with neutron-induced reactions