Elsevier

Aquaculture

Volume 92, 1991, Pages 121-125
Aquaculture

Isolation of Saprolegnia parasitica from the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus

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Abstract

On the cuticle of crayfish, melanized areas are sometimes present as a result of wounding responses or parasite attack. From such melanized spots on the cuticle of the freshwater crayfish a parasitic oomycete fungus, Saprolegnia parasitica, has been isolated.

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  • Effects of sub-lethal doses of miconazole nitrate on Labeo rohita and its curing efficacy against Saprolegniasis

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    Like bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases, diseases caused by fungal infection are also evident in all life stages of fish. Fungal disease caused by fish pathogenic fungus, Saprolegnia parasitica has been isolated from many fish over a period of time (Wood and Willoughby, 1986; Puckridge et al., 1989; Soderhall et al., 1991; Hatai and Hoshiai, 1992; Czeczuga and Muszynska, 1999; Czeczuga and Muszynska, 2000; Stueland et al., 2005; Fregeneda-Grandes et al., 2007). Saprolegniasis has also been reported in cultured teleosts in India, recording high mortality in various species of pond-cultured carps (Srivastava, 1980; Jha et al., 1984; Krishna et al., 1990).

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    Inoculated media were incubated at 20 ± 2 °C and after 24 h the emerging hyphal tips were repeatedly transferred to fresh plates of glucose peptone agar (Composition: glucose peptone broth + technical agar: 12 g L−1 autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min, cooling to 50 °C and added penicillin-K: 250 units ml−1 and streptomycin sulphate: 200 μg ml−1) until cultures were free from bacterial contamination. Confirmation of Saprolegnia parasitica was done following Soderhall et al. [53], Willoughby [23], Lilley et al. [52] and Eissa et al. [54]. Sporulation was induced following Lilley et al. [52].

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    On the contrary, it does not usually harm North American crayfish species, which are regarded as its original hosts, and some of these species have become widespread invaders in Europe (Souty-Grosset et al. 2006). Apart from A. astaci, crayfish may also host a variety of other filamentous microorganisms such as the parasitic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica Coker (Söderhäll et al. 1991), saprobiotic oomycete Aphanomyces frigidophilus Kitanch. & Hatai (Ballesteros et al. 2006) or fungi (Dörr et al. 2012).

  • Reprint of: Saprolegnia strains isolated from river insects and amphipods are broad spectrum pathogens

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    This suggests a broad host range for these Saprolegnia isolates. Studies based on ITS phylogeny have shown that many of the Saprolegnia strains isolated from aquatic organisms are very close or identical to that of the fish and its egg pathogenic isolates (Söderhäll et al. 1991; Diéguez-Uribeondo et al. 1994b; Wolinska et al. 2009; Krugner-Higby et al. 2010; Kestrup et al. 2011). However, the existing phylogeny of the Saprolegniaceae does not shed any light on host specificity of the isolates or their pathogenicity.

  • Saprolegnia strains isolated from river insects and amphipods are broad spectrum pathogens

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    Consistent with this, Kiesecker et al. (2001) demonstrated that S. ferax is able to transfer from trout to embryos of the Western toad Bufo boreas; the fish itself was not symptomatic during the course of the experiment. Söderhäll et al. (1991) found S. parasitica, a known fish pathogen, from the cuticle lesion of crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus in Turkey. In addition, Diéguez-Uribeondo et al. (1994b) found that S. parasitica from Turkish crayfish were also able to infect three more species of crayfishes at variably rates.

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