ISSN:
1572-9729
Keywords:
activated sludge
;
dichlorophenol
;
monooxygenation
;
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
;
phenolics
;
specific growth rate
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
,
Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
,
Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
Notes:
Abstract The two-tank accelerator/aerator modification of activated sludge significantly increases the biodegradation of hydrocarbons requiring initial monooxygenation reactions, such as phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP). The small accelerator tank has a controlled low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration that can enrich the biomass in NADH + H+. It also has a very high specific growth rate (μacc) that up-regulates the biomass’s content of the monooxygenase enzyme. Here, we develop and test the ACCEL model, which quantifies all key phenomena taking place when the accelerator/aerator system is used to enhance biodegradation of hydrocarbons requiring initial monooxygenations. Monooxygenation kinetics follow a multiplicative relationship in which the organic substrates (phenol or DCP) and DO have separate Monod terms, while the biomass’s content of NADH + H+ has a first-order term. The monooxygenase enzyme has different affinities (K values) for phenol and DCP. The biomass’s NADH + H+ content is based on a proportioning of NAD(H) according to the relative rates of NADH + H+ sources and sinks. Biomass synthesis occurs simultaneously through utilization of acetate, phenol, and DCP, but each has its own true yield. The ACCEL model accurately simulates all trends for one-tank and two-tank experiments in which acetate, phenol, and DCP are biodegraded together. In particular, DCP removal is affected most by DOacc and the retention-time ratio, Θacc/Θtotal. Adding an accelerator tank dramatically increases DCP removal, and the best DCP removal occurs for 0.2 〈 DOacc 〈 0.5 mg/l and 0.08 〈 Θacc/Θtotal 〈 0.2. The rates of phenol and DCP utilization follow the multiplicative relationship with a maximum specific rate coefficient proportional to μacc. Finally, μacc increases rapidly for Θacc/Θtotal 〈 0.25, acetate removal in the accelerator fuels the high μacc, and the biomass’s NADH + H+ content increases very dramatically for DOacc 〈 0.25 mg/l.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10532-005-5019-8
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